The purpose of this study was to analyze the transformation of the center of gravity (CG) in the running single leg horizontal jump and to investigate the influence of the forward rotation of the takeoff leg in achieving vertical CG velocity. The subjects were 98 male long jumpers, whose mean best official jump among their recorded trials was 7.16 ± 0.66 m. Their takeoff motion was videotaped w...

We find solid evidence for diffuse Hi gas at substantial z heights in our Galaxy, with a velocity dispersion of σ = 60 km s −1 and a vertical projected column density of N Hi = 1.4 · 10 19 cm −2. This pervasive component of the emission spectrum could be identified in the Leiden/Dwingeloo 21-cm Survey (LDS) after increasing the accuracy further by correcting the observations for reflections fro...

A three-dimensional granular system fluidized by vertical container vibrations was studied using pulsed field gradient NMR coupled with one-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging. The system consisted of mustard seeds vibrated vertically at 50 Hz, and the number of layers N(l)<or=4 was sufficiently low to achieve a nearly time-independent granular fluid. Using NMR, the vertical profiles of dens...

The first three moments of the millimeter-wavelength radar Doppler spectrum provide valuable information regarding both cloud properties and air motion. An algorithm using these Doppler radar moments is developed to retrieve cirrus microphysical properties and the mean air vertical motion and their errors. The observed Doppler spectrum results from the convolution of a quiet-air radar reflectiv...

Wind velocity distribution and the vortex around the wind turbine present a significant challenge in the development of straight-bladed vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs). This paper is intended to investigate influence of tip vortex on wind turbine wake by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) simulations. In this study, the number of blades is two and the airfoil is a NACA0021 with chord length...

A geometrically polar granular rod confined in 2D geometry, subjected to a sinusoidal vertical oscillation, undergoes noisy self-propulsion in a direction determined by its polarity. When surrounded by a medium of crystalline spherical beads, it displays substantial negative fluctuations in its velocity. We find that the large-deviation function (LDF) for the normalized velocity is strongly non...

We show that fluid stationary models are able to reproduce the observed, negative vertical gradient of the rotation velocity of the extra-planar gas in spiral galaxies. We have constructed models based on the simple condition that the pressure of the medium does not depend on density alone (baroclinic instead of barotropic solutions: isodensity and isothermal surfaces do not coincide). As an il...

BACKGROUND Cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) is one of the most important stifle injuries and a common cause of lameness in dogs. Our objective was to measure the vertical forces in the pads of Pitbulls with cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) using a pressure sensitive walkway. A pressure sensitive walkway was used to collect vertical force data from the pads of 10 Pitbulls affecte...

Detection of subsurface structures by means of gravity method can be used to determine mass distribution and density contrast of rock units. This distribution could be detected by different geophysical methods, especially gravity method. However, gravity techniques have some drawbacks and can't be always successful in distinguishing subsurface structures. Performance of the gravity technique co...

When non-dimensionalized by length and velocity scales L, V , the explicit parameter is the Peclet number Pe = V L/κ. Other important parameters controlling the distribution are implicit in the characteristics of the advecting flow. Here we illustrate with z identified with the vertical direction which is most relevant to creating the deep columns of tracer. Application to a region of horizonta...