Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is an important respiratory pathogen of poultry. Various virulence factors are responsible for determining the pathogenicity of these strains, and it is commonly believed they are encoded on large plasmids the strains carry. This study examined a series of strains, the pathogenicity of which had previously been determined by aerosol exposure, for possess...

wheat septoria leaf blotch disease caused by mycosphaerella graminicola   is one of the most  important diseases of wheat in iran and the world .evaluation the reaction of wheat genotypes and on the other hand identifying pathogen virulence factors are necessary for a successful breeding program. the aim of this study was to assess the adult plant responses of iranian bread and durum wheat geno...

introduction: in iran, invasive nontyphoidal salmonella (ints) disease causes severe bacteremic illness among children <5 years old. the global yearly incidence of ints disease in children was reported to be in the 3.4 (range  2.1-6.5) million cases,  (overall incidence 49 cases (range 30-94) per 100,000 population), the ints case-fatality ratio (cfr) of 20% yielded 681,316  deaths annually. me...

Abstract Purpose Staphylococcus aureus ( S. ) is the most important pathogen involved in bovine mastitis dairy production. produces a spectrum of extracellular protein toxins and virulence factors which are thought to contribute pathogenicity organism. The aim this work was isolate molecular characterize associated with subclinical central part Ethiopia. Methods A total 265 lactating cows from ...

Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are a diverse group of microorganisms that can be found in natural habitats and used wide range industries, especially the food sector. They regarded "Generally Recognized as Safe" commonly starter culture, probiotics, biopreservative. However, some LAB genera excluded from "Qualified Presumption Safety" (QPS) list due to possibility they have virulence antibiotic res...

Objective: Considering the emergence of biofilm-associated pathogens with multidrug resistance, the objective(s) of the present study was to evaluate the anti-virulence property of Syzygium aromaticum extracts/fractions against 2 multidrug-resistant catheter isolates. Materials and Methods: Pulverized clove buds were subjected to bioactivity-guided isolation to identify the bioactive extract/fr...