Some herpesviruses, particularly lymphotropic viruses such as Marek's disease virus (MDV) and human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), integrate their DNA into host chromosomes. MDV and HHV-6, among other herpesviruses, harbor telomeric repeats (TMRs) identical to host telomeres at either end of their linear genomes. Using MDV as a natural virus-host model, we show that herpesvirus TMRs facilitate viral ge...

UNLABELLED Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a ubiquitous gammaherpesvirus associated with both B cell and epithelial cell malignancies. EBV infection of B cells triggers activation of several signaling pathways that are critical for cell survival, virus latency, and growth transformation. To identify EBV proteins important for regulating cell signaling, we used a proteomic approach to screen viral p...

SUMOylation is associated with epigenetic regulation of chromatin structure and transcription. Epigenetic modifications of herpesviral genomes accompany the transcriptional switch of latent and lytic genes during the virus life cycle. Here, we report a genome-wide comparison of SUMO paralog modification on the KSHV genome. Using chromatin immunoprecipitation in conjunction with high-throughput ...

Some damage caused in tobacco necrosis virus by u.v. radiation could be repaired in darkness in Chenopodium amaranticolor (dark reactivation) but not in French bean or in tobacco. By contrast, photoreactivation of the irradiated virus was observed in French bean and in tobacco but not in Chenopodium. The kind of damage in u.v.-irradiated virus that is susceptible to repair by photoreactivation ...

After ocular herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection, the virus travels up axons and establishes a lifelong latent infection in neurons of the trigeminal ganglia. LAT (latency-associated transcript), the only known viral gene abundantly transcribed during HSV-1 neuronal latency, is required for high levels of reactivation. The LAT function responsible for this reactivation phenotype is no...

Introduction: In recent years it has become evident that Varicella Zoster Virus (VZV) reactivation can present as ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke or Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in immunocompetent immunocompromised patients. Both VZV cerebrovascular visceral manifestations may appear the absence of a cutaneous rash.

Fulminant hepatitis by Epstein-Barr virus is a rare event which is predominantly due to primary infection. We report a rare case of fatal hepatic failure due to Epstein-Barr virus reactivation in a 19-year-old boy who was taking oral steroids. Transaminase peak and the fulminant course of the disease began soon after steroid interruption. Epstein-Barr virus reactivation was diagnosed on the bas...

Varicella results from a primary infection with the varicella virus while herpes zoster is caused by a reactivation of a latent infection. Dissemination of herpes zoster is uncommon in immunocompetent individuals. Reports of disseminated herpes zoster in children are even less common than in adults. An unusual case of disseminated herpes zoster ophthalmicus in an 8-year old immunocompetent blac...

The ability of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) to establish latent infections in cells has received renewed attention owing to the failure of highly active antiretroviral therapy to eradicate HIV-1 in vivo. Despite much study, the molecular bases of HIV-1 latency and reactivation are incompletely understood. Research on HIV-1 latency would benefit from a model system that is amenabl...

Background: Persistence of latent provirus is the main barrier towards a cure for HIV. We propose a novel strategy to reduce the HIV reservoir by drug-induced retargeting of HIV integration. A novel class of integration inhibitors, LEDGINs, inhibits the interaction between HIV integrase (IN) and the LEDGF/p75 cofactor, the main determinant of integration site selection. This results in an allos...