Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (RANS) methods often cannot predict shock/turbulence interaction correctly. This may be because RANS models do not account for the unsteady motion of the shock wave that is inherent in these interactions. Previous work proposed a shock-unsteadiness correction that significantly improves prediction of turbulent kinetic energy amplification across a normal shock in...

Numerical simulations of complex large-scale flow systems must capture a variety of physical phenomena in order to predict the flow accurately. Currently, many flow solvers are specialized to simulate one part of a flow system effectively, but are either inadequate or too expensive to be applied to a generic problem. As an example, the flow through a gas turbine can be considered. In the compre...

As identified in the CFD Vision 2030 Study commissioned by NASA, validation of advanced RANS models and scale-resolving methods for computing turbulent flow fields must be supported by continuous improvements in fundamental, high-fidelity experiments designed specifically for CFD implementation. In accordance with this effort, the underpinnings of a new test platform referred to herein as the N...

3G Radio Access Networks (RANs) generally have to transport traffic with a variety of heterogeneous Quality of Service (QoS) requirements. In today’s 3G RANs, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) technology is used to provide the desired QoS. However, packet based RANs have been subject to recent standardization. In this case, Differentiated Services can be deployed to offer the required QoS using ...

The analysis of pavements and their ingredients has always been important due to a good understanding of their behavior under different conditions; that leads to more accurate relations. Due to the extent of asphalt mixture application in the world, the assessment of different behaviors of this mix is very important from various aspects of performance and safety. Given that the asphalt mixtures...

In the present study, we opted for a longitudinal design and examined rapid automatized naming (RAN) performance from two perspectives. In a first step, we examined the structure of RAN performance from a general cognitive perspective. We investigated whether rapid naming measures (e.g., digit RAN and color RAN) reflect a mainly domain-general factor or domain-specific factors. In a second step...

Nowadays there are wide possibilities to perform numerical studies of turbulent natural convection flows on the base of 3D unsteady formulations [1]. Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS) is the most attractive and reliable approach for getting a detailed knowledge on convection [2, 3]. However, DNS applications are practically limited by the case of simplified geometry and/or the Rayleigh numbers ...

We study a defect correction method for the approximation of viscoelastic fluid flow. In the defect step, the constitutive equation is computed with an artificially reduced Weissenberg parameter for stability, and the resulting residual is corrected in the correction step. We prove the convergence of the defect correction method and derive an error estimate for the Oseen-viscoelastic model prob...

A two-scale model for predicting the multiple crack growth in viscoelastic solids due to an impact is presented. The cracks are considered only at the local scale through the use of a micromechanical viscoelastic cohesive zone model. The multiscale model has been implemented in a finite-element code. In order to minimize the computation time, the local finite-element meshes are solved in parall...

Finite Element Analysis (FEA) was used to model viscoelastic effects in the compression of polyurethane (PU) foam. Modelling of the impact compression of foam cubes predicted that a compressed region propagated through the sample, causing step increases in the stress traces. Modelling of head impacts on gymnastic ‘crash’ mats, made of PU chip foam, revealed that the majority, but not all, of th...