introduction: stroke is one of the most important reasons of death. hence, trials to prevent or lessen the complications originated by stroke are a goal of public health worldwide. the ischemia-reperfusion causes hypoxia, hypoglycemia and incomplete repel of metabolic waste products and leads to accumulation of free radicals triggering neuronal death. the a1 adenosine receptoras an endogenous l...

BACKGROUND Low circulating vitamin D levels have been suggested to potentially contribute to acute complications in critically ill patients. However, in patients with acute kidney injury (AKI), whether vitamin D deficiency occurs and is a potential contributor to worse early outcomes at the time of AKI diagnosis remains unclear. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS Two hundred patients with AKI wer...

The affinity of low density lipoprotein (LDL) to its receptor is very important, because most of LDL-uptake pathway is done by the LDL receptor and the change in size of LDL particle and the modification in its components may affects the LDL affinity for its receptor. In this study, the effects of lipophilic agents such as vitamin E and seven volatile oils: anethol, eugenol, geraniol, limonene,...

The ubiquitous distribution of vitamin D receptors in the human body is responsible for the pleiotropic effects of vitamin D-receptor activation. We discuss the possible beneficial effects of a selective activator of vitamin D receptor, paricalcitol, on the cardiovascular system in chronic heart failure patients and chronic kidney patients, in light of new trials. Paricalcitol should provide ad...

Humans have the ability to synthesize vitamin D during the action of ultraviolet (UV) radiation upon the skin. Apart from the regulation of calcium and phosphate metabolism, another critical role for vitamin D in immunity and respiratory health has been revealed, since vitamin D receptors have also been found in other body cells. The term "vitamin D insufficiency" has been used to describe low ...

the affinity of low density lipoprotein (ldl) to its receptor is very important, because most of ldl-uptake pathway is done by the ldl receptor and the change in size of ldl particle and the modification in its components may affects the ldl affinity for its receptor. in this study, the effects of lipophilic agents such as vitamin e and seven volatile oils: anethol, eugenol, geraniol, limonene,...

Vitamin D controls calcium homeostasis and the development and maintenance of bones through vitamin D receptor activation. Prolonged therapy with rifampicin or phenobarbital has been shown to cause vitamin D deficiency or osteomalacia, particularly in patients with marginal vitamin D stores. However, the molecular mechanism of this process is unknown. Here we show that these drugs lead to the u...

The objective of these investigations was to determine if the receptor-dependent effects of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D were essential for normal skeletal growth. Mice with targeted ablation of the vitamin D receptor were engineered, and the skeletal consequences of vitamin D receptor ablation were studied in the presence of normal and abnormal mineral ion homeostasis. Prevention of abnormal minera...

SEE PAGE 2593 I dentifying effective pharmacologic and mechanical therapies for heart failure has been an active and costly endeavor in the past several decades. Significant progress has been made, but the morbidity and mortality from this syndrome continues to be unacceptably high. Thus, it would be an exciting development if a relatively simple intervention such as vitamin D supplementation w...

The vitamin D receptor (VDR) mediates the effects of the calcemic hormone 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3]. We show that VDR also functions as a receptor for the secondary bile acid lithocholic acid (LCA), which is hepatotoxic and a potential enteric carcinogen. VDR is an order of magnitude more sensitive to LCA and its metabolites than are other nuclear receptors. Activation of VDR ...