The effect of various salts such as magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, zinc nitrate, and magnesium chloride on vapor−liquid equilibrium (VLE) of the ethyl acetate−ethanol system was studied experimentally in a modified Othmer still at atmospheric pressure. The influence of cation and anion of the salts on the VLE of the ethyl acetate− ethanol system was examined. It was observed that the order...

The various reforms of the health care system aim at reducing the corresponding costs. So the hospitals must rationalize their costs while guaranteeing a good quality of service. In order to reach this goal, different scenarios of health care unit management have to be envisaged and carefully evaluated before their implementation on the system. Thus, simulation is used more and more frequently ...

The trend with organisational adoption of virtual learning environments (VLE) seems to be cyclical. Initially, a decentralised approach was adopted, wherein each department implemented different learning environments or mixtures of technology, often developed in-house. The last five years have seen an increased centralisation of learning environment implementation, with most universities adopti...

This chapter discusses theoretical, methodological and practical aspects of a design of a university learning environment for SMART education. Smart technology is analyzed against university background. The authors consider a process of transformation from e-learning to smart education, in particular the VLE objective according to the concept of smart education, formation of individual learning...

In recent years, Virtual Learning Environments (VLE) (also known as Learning Management Systems) have become pervasive in Higher Education. In addition, the explosion in social software and Web 2.0 technologies raises learners’ expectations of flexibility and personalisation, and highlights the rigidity and limitations of the VLE. Recognition of these limitations has given rise to the evolution...

This article presents research towards the development of a virtual learning environment (VLE) inhabited by intelligent virtual agents (IVAs) and modelling a scenario of inter-cultural interactions. The ultimate aim of this VLE is to allow users to reflect upon and learn about intercultural communication and collaboration. Rather than predefining the interactions among the virtual agents and sc...

The reliable solution of nonlinear parameter estimation problems is an important computational problem in chemical process engineering, both in on-line and off-line applications. Conventional solution methods may not be reliable since they do not guarantee convergence to the global optimum sought in the parameter estimation problem. We demonstrate here a technique, based on interval analysis, t...

Technology is at a stage where it has infiltrated the education system with the potential to enhance teaching and learning. In Northern Ireland a Virtual Learning Environment (VLE) infrastructure is in place. However, statistics and government reports suggest that VLE use amongst the primary school sector is quite limited. In an attempt to redress the limited use of VLEs in the primary school s...