We studied phase-coherent phenomena in mesoscopic permalloy Ni81Fe19 samples by exploring lowtemperature transport. Both differential conductance as a function of bias voltage and magnetoconductance of individual wires display conductance fluctuations. Analysis of these fluctuations yields a phase coherence length of 250 nm at 25 mK as well as a 1 / T temperature dependence. To suppress conduct...

We have observed reproducible conductance fluctuations at low temperature in a small GaAs:Si wire driven across the Anderson transition by the application of a gate voltage. We analyse quantitatively the log-normal conductance statistics in terms of truncated

Power quality test facilities developed at the University of Wollongong include a 10kVA waveform generator (WG) of which the detailed design and operation has been described previously. The WG is essentially a programmable IGBT voltage source inverter controlled by a micro-controller. The original intention of this generator was to test electrical equipment under the influence of harmonic disto...

We present the first measurements of the third moment of the voltage fluctuations in a conductor. This technique can provide new and complementary information on the electronic transport in conducting systems. The measurement was performed on non-superconducting tunnel junctions as a function of voltage bias, for various temperatures and bandwidths up to 1GHz. The data demonstrate the significa...

As an integral part of the Smart Grid, smart transformers both work independently to constantly regulate voltage and maintain contact with the smart grid in order to allow remote administration if needed and to provide information and feedback about the power supply and the transformers themselves. Through a process known as voltage optimization, a smart transformer provides the exact amount of...

We present the first measurements of the third moment of the voltage fluctuations in a conductor. This technique can provide new and complementary information on the electronic transport in conducting systems. The measurement was performed on nonsuperconducting tunnel junctions as a function of voltage bias, for various temperatures and bandwidths up to 1 GHz. The data demonstrate the significa...

We have designed and tested a very low-noise, highaccuracy programmable voltage reference that is intended as an alternative to batteries for the realization of automated low-frequency noise measurement systems. The output voltage, which can be set via a built-in RS232 interface, ranges from 0 to 5 V with a resolution and long-term stability of 250 V. The power spectral density of the output vo...

The operating principle of pipelined analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is to subtract, sequentially along the cascaded stages, different reference voltages from the analog sample. This operation, nevertheless, creates internally an input-dependent fluctuation on the reference voltage. Such kind of signal-dependent error cannot be eliminated by trimming and/or calibration. The effect is especial...

Electrical signaling in neurons is mediated by the opening and closing of large numbers of individual ion channels. The ion channels' state transitions are stochastic and introduce fluctuations in the macroscopic current through ion channel populations. This creates an unavoidable source of intrinsic electrical noise for the neuron, leading to fluctuations in the membrane potential and spontane...