The authors describe a survey and screening programme for staphylococcus. The study covers 14 dairy farms in the Algiers region, from which 203 samples of cows' milk were taken for bacteriological testing. The survey results show that poor husbandry conditions are the main cause of staphylococcus in cows' milk. Staphylococcus was found in the milk of 30% of the cows sampled. These results were ...

Most extremely low birthweight (ELBW; <1,000 g) infants will survive if cared for at a tertiary neonatal intensive care unit, and should be given optimal nutrition for brain development. Human milk confers nutritional and non-nutritional advantages over infant formula, and is started during the first hours of life. In Sweden, most ELBW infants are fed individually with mother's own milk (prefer...

Preterm infants have higher nutrient requirements than term infants. Enteral tube feeding is the preferred route to feed preterm infants because premature infants are unable to coordinate sucking, swallowing, and breathing. There are two common tube feeding methods: intermittent (bolus) or continuous infusion. Minimal enteral nutrition or trophic feeding has many advantages for preterms and sho...

OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of caesarean section on breast milk transfer (BMT) to the normal term infant over the first week of life. METHOD A sample of 88 healthy nursing mothers who had a normal vaginal delivery, and 97 mothers who had a caesarean section were recruited from a teaching hospital. Mothers and midwives were instructed to weigh the infants before and after each feed throu...

In milk-fed calves, quantification of the milk that enters the rumen (ruminal milk volume, RMV) because of malfunction of the esophageal groove reflex may explain part of the variability observed between animals in their growth performance. The RMV can directly be quantified by adding an indigestible marker to the diet and measuring its recovery in the rumen at slaughter, but this technique can...

OBJECTIVE To compare iron absorption from infant formula and iron-fortified cow's milk. METHODS Twenty-four weanling Wistar rats were maintained in metabolic cages during the whole experiment (10 days). On the first day, the animals were divided into three similar groups according to their weight, length, hematocrit and hemoglobin levels: 1) infant formula; 2) powdered whole cow's milk fortif...

in this present study, volume of fluid method in openfoam open source cfd package will be extended to consider phase change phenomena with modified model due to condensation and boiling processes. this model is suitable for the case in which both unsaturated phase and saturated phase are present and for beginning boiling and condensation process needn&apos;t initial interface. both phases (liqu...

The present research work was undertaken to increase the consistency of dahi or yoghurt on its quality using volume reduction, commercial starch powder and potato mash. In this experiment, five different types of dahi samples were prepared and designated as A (30% volume reduction), B (990 ml milk + 1% CSP), C (980 ml milk+2% CSP), D (970 ml milk + 3% CSP) and E (950 ml milk + 5% potato mash). ...

INTRODUCTION The objective of this study was to assess the variabilities of gallbladder contraction indices (GBCI) and derive a predictive model for gallbladder and gastric motility. METHODS The gallbladder volume and gastric antral measurements were obtained from 24 healthy male volunteers in preprandial and post-milk ingestion states. After preprandial measurement of the gallbladder volume ...