Current oxime therapies do not readily cross the blood-brain barrier to reactivate organophosphorus nerve agent-inhibited cholinesterase (ChE) within the CNS. We investigated the ability of monoisonitrosoacetone (MINA), a tertiary oxime, to reactivate ChE inhibited by the nerve agent sarin (GB), cyclosarin (GF), or VX, in peripheral tissues and brain of guinea pigs and determined whether reacti...

Verapamil inhibits tri-iodothyronine (T3) efflux from several cell types, suggesting the involvement of multidrug resistance-associated (MDR) proteins in T3 transport. The direct involvement of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) has not, however, been investigated. We compared the transport of 125I-T3 in MDCKII cells that had been transfected with mdr1 cDNA (MDCKII-MDR) versus wild-type MDCKII cells (MDCKII...

Hansen, Michael K., and James M. Krueger. Subdiaphragmatic vagotomy blocks the sleepand fever-promoting effects of interleukin-1b. Am. J. Physiol. 273 (Regulatory Integrative Comp. Physiol. 42): R1246–R1253, 1997.—The mechanism by which peripheral cytokines signal the central nervous system to elicit central manifestations of the acute phase response remains unknown. Recent evidence suggests th...

A major challenge in organophosphate (OP) research has been the identification and utilization of reliable biomarkers for the rapid, sensitive, and efficient detection of OP exposure. Although Tyr 411 OP adducts to human serum albumin (HSA) have been suggested to be one of the most robust biomarkers in the detection of OP exposure, the analysis of HSA-OP adduct detection has been limited to tec...

For a process X(t), t ≥ 0 with stationary increments, observed at Let, further Y 0:N ≤ Y 1:N ≤ · · · ≤ Y (N −1):N denote the order statistic of Y 's from (1). A convex rearrangement of X(t) is defined as VX N (t) = X(0) + [N t]−1 i=0 Y i:N + (N t − N t)Y N t:N , 1 is stationary with variance σ 2 N = EY 2 1,N and covariance γ N (h) = EY k,N Y k+h,N. investigated the asymptotic behavior of normal...

INTRODUCTION Histotripsy is an extracorporeal focused ultrasound (US) technology that uses controlled cavitation to induce nonthermal mechanical tissue fractionation. Feasibility of histotripsy ablation of normal renal tissue in an in vivo rabbit model has previously been demonstrated. Our specific objective in this study was to characterize the histologic effects of histotripsy on VX-2 tumor i...

A major challenge in organophosphate (OP) research has been the identification and utilization of reliable biomarkers for the rapid, sensitive, and efficient detection of OP exposure. Although Tyr 411 OP adducts to human serum albumin (HSA) have been suggested to be one of the most robust biomarkers in the detection of OP exposure, the analysis of HSA-OP adduct detection has been limited to tec...

During the last five decades, five pyridinium oximes were found to be worthy of use as antidotes against nerve agents in humans: pralidoxime, in a form of chloride or PAM-2 Cl and mesylate or P2S (against sarin, cyclosarin and VX), trimedoxime or TMB-4 and obidoxime or LüH-6 (both against tabun, sarin and VX), HI-6 (against sarin, soman, cyclosarin and VX) and HLö-7 (against all the five nerve ...

The administration of purified human plasma-derived butyrylcholinesterase (HuBuChE) as a pretreatment has been demonstrated to enhance survival and protect against decreased cognitive function after exposure to organophosphorus poisons (OPs). Based on efficacy data obtained with guinea pigs and non-human primates and the lack of behavioral side effects, plasma-derived HuBuChE has been granted i...

The nature of Shope virus-specific RNA was investigated in non-virus-producing Shope (rabbit) papilloma virus-induced benign and malignant domestic rabbit tumors and in a cell line derived from the VX-7 transplantable carcinoma. RNA transfer (Northern) blot analysis of polyadenylated RNA isolated from whole cell extracts of all three sources was resolved into two major bands of 1.3 and 2.0 kilo...