Bisphenol A (BPA) is an industrial chemical produced in large volumes. Its main use is associated with polycarbonate plastic, epoxy resins and thermal paper. In contrast to other applications, thermal paper contains BPA in its un-reacted form as an additive, which is subjected to migration. Receiving a significant amount of attention from the scientific community and beyond, due to its controve...

Purpose: Considering the UK’s limited capacity for waste disposal (particularly for hazardous/ radiological waste) there is growing focus on waste avoidance and minimisation to lower the volumes of waste being sent to disposal. The hazardous nature of some waste can complicate its management and reduction. To address this problem there was a need for a decision making methodology to support man...

considering the increase in waste production, scarcity of land allocated to landfill in urban areas, concerns about ecological damages caused by hazardous waste and damages done to the environment, municipal waste management has become of tremendous importance. the study investigated the behavioral patterns of households regarding waste separation at source using data collected through intervie...

Building industry as one of the greatest industries in Iran comprises a significant share of waste generation in the country. Since a large quantity of the generated construction waste is buried due to the lack of a recycling protocol, it leads to an undesired waste of resources and causes severe environmental issues. This paper provides a study on the problem of material loss/construction wast...

In this paper, we address a real life waste collection vehicle routing problem with time windows (VRPTW) with consideration of multiple disposal trips and drivers’ lunch breaks. Solomon’s well-known insertion algorithm is extended for the problem. While minimizing the number of vehicles and total traveling time is the major objective of vehicle routing problems in the literature, here we also c...

This paper highlights some interesting facts on South African’s waste situation and management strategies, in particular the Integrated Waste Management. South Africa supports a waste hierarchy by promoting cleaner production, waste minimisation, reuse, recycling and waste treatment with disposal and remediation as the last preferred options in waste management. The drivers for waste management...

the province of bushehr is located in southern area of iran and north of persian gulf. solid waste management in bushehr’s villages was the aim of this research. for the sake of this study, 21 villages scattered all over the province were selected. field studies showed that about 646 grams of residential solid waste per capita is generated in selected villages every day. there are 322 shops i...

Electronic  waste  or  E-waste  is  relatively  a  novel  addition  to  the  ever-growing  hazardous waste stream. It includes discarded electronic and electrical equipment. Developing countries face enormous challenges which are related to the generation and management of E-waste which are either internally generated or imported illegally; India is no exception. However, the existing managemen...

rapid urbanization and industrialization, population growth and economic growth in developing countries make management of municipal solid waste more complex comparing with developed countries. furthermore, the conventional municipal solid waste management approach often is reductionists, not tailored to handle complexity. therefore, the need to a comprehensive and multi-disciplinary approach r...