The measurement of oil in produced water is important for both process control and reporting to regulatory authorities. The concentration of oil in produced water is a method-dependent parameter, which is traditionally evaluated using reference methods based on infrared (IR) absorption or gravimetric analysis, although Gas Chromatography and Flame Ionisation Detection (GC-FID) have recently bec...

Human cholesterogenesis is measurable as the rate of Incorporation of deuterium derived from deuterium oxide (D2O) within the body water pool into plasma or erythrocyte cholesterol pools. Oral D2O equilibrates across body water, thus enabling extracellular sampling of pools (such as urine) to serve as accurate indicators of intracellular deuterium enrichments at the point of synthesis. Required...

Evaluating the maturity of peach fruit is desirable during both the preharvest and postharvest periods, and flesh firmness (FF) is a representative maturity index. Although a non-destructive FF measurement technique using visible (VIS) and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been developed, the principle has been unclear. This study was conducted to examine the structure of the FF prediction m...

X-ray scattering was used to study the temperature dependence of the profile structure of polymerized 10,12-tricosadiynoic acid salt multilayers. The stacking periodicity of the multilayers was found to decrease with increasing temperature due to the conformational changes of the alkyl chains. When the samples were fully hydrated in water, the reflectivity measurement showed that the thermal fl...

The aim of this study is to examine the physicochemical properties of the external preparation, the effect on the skin permeability and the human senses. Miconazole nitrate cream formulation (MCZ-A: bland name and MCZ-B, -C, -D: generics) to measure the physicochemical properties, was performed by the skin permeation test and human sensory test. The flattening, viscoelasticity, and water conten...