Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi colonize roots improving plant water status and tolerance to drought. However, it is not clear whether the presence of AM would affect the photosynthesis and antioxidant gene-enzymes response, which help to alleviate drought stress of the host plant. Here, pot experiments were performed to investigate the effects of Rhizophagus irregularis, an AM fungus, on the...

Most general circulation models predict that most tropical forests will experience lower and less frequent rainfall in future as a result of climate change, which may reduce the capacity of fungal pathogens to drive density-dependent tree mortality. This is potentially significant because fungal pathogens are thought to play a key role in promoting and structuring plant diversity in tropical fo...

Under well-watered conditions, chlorenchyma acidity in cladodes of Opuntia ficus-indica increased substantially at night, fully accounting for the 0.26-megapascal nocturnal increase in osmotic pressure in the outer 2 millimeters. Osmotic pressure in the inner part of the chlorenchyma and in the water-storage parenchyma did not change significantly over 24-hour periods. Three months of drought d...

To examine whether the reduced shoot growth of abscisic acid (ABA)-deficient mutants of tomato is independent of effects on plant water balance, flacca and notabilis were grown under controlled-humidity conditions so that their leaf water potentials were equal to or higher than those of well-watered wild-type plants throughout development. Most parameters of shoot growth remained markedly impai...

The interaction of feeding by a grass bug, Ir"bisia pacifica (Uhler), and drought stress on growth of Great Basin wildrye, Leymus cinereus (Scrih. & Merr.) Love, and intermediate wheatgrass, Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkw. & D. R. Dewey, was studied in the greenhouse. At peak production, control plants of Great Basin wildrye had more than twice as much green leaf area per tiller than bug-i...

During drought periods camels are watered at long intervals, but effects on body fluid homeostasis of lactating camels are not known. It was hypothesized that camels store water after drinking and minimize water losses by diurnal variation in body temperature, changes in behavior, and release of vasopressin. The aim was to find a sustainable watering interval for lactating camels. Seven lactati...

The interaction of feeding by a grass bug, Ir"bisia pacifica (Uhler), and drought stress on growth of Great Basin wildrye, Leymus cinereus (Scrih. & Merr.) Love, and intermediate wheatgrass, Thinopyrum intermedium (Host) Barkw. & D. R. Dewey, was studied in the greenhouse. At peak production, control plants of Great Basin wildrye had more than twice as much green leaf area per tiller than bug-i...

The effect of temperature on stomatal conductance (gs) and corresponding gas exchange parameters was studied in two tree species with contrasting leaf anatomy and ecophysiology-a broadleaf angiosperm, Populus deltoides x nigra (poplar), and a needle-leaf gymnosperm, Pinus taeda (loblolly pine). Experiments were conducted in growth chambers across a leaf temperature range of 19-48°C. Manipulatio...