Firms strive to develop technological innovations. This study focuses on two main objectives: identify the relationship between market and institutional networks innovation; analyze obstacles that firms assess when developing The literature shows there has been little interest in researching innovation emerging economies, which is a greater presence of low-technology intensity also Using data f...

Introduction: The causal dynamics between environment, health expenditures and economic growth has recently started to be studied in the economics literature for both developing and developed countries. Methods: This study examines the causal relationship between CO2 emissions, health expenditures and economic growth using dynamic simultaneous-equations models for Iran over the period 1972-2...

2 3 FOREWORD Government regulations can have both positive and negative effects on the innovation process. Among other goals, regulatory reform in the OECD countries is intended to enhance the positive regulatory effects on innovation. Reforms should help ensure that regulations in all spheres of activity are fully responsive to changes in the economic, social and technical conditions surroundi...

Recent studies have suggested that large firms diversify their technological competencies through a cumulative learning process oriented both to augmentation in new fields as well as to exploitation in new markets, the corporate networks created for this purpose justifying the expression “globalisation of innovation”. Given the international dispersion of the creation of new technology within m...

Steel industry is one of the leading industries in the world. Today it is also one of the fundamental and strategic industries of the world. Per capita production and consumption amount of steel are used as a criterion for evaluation of country development. Furthermore, attention to technological innovations is assumed so much crucial to access the international markets of steel industrie...

Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs) have become ubiquitous in the current debate and have emerged as the key issue of global innovation policy. The ‘Trade Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights’ (TRIPS), signed on 1994 as a founding element of the World Trade Organization, represent the most important attempt to establish a global harmonization of Intellectual Property protection. The ...

In this study, we examine the structural characteristics of supply chains as networks and investigate how supply network structure impacts firm innovation. Specifically, we investigate the relationship between three supply network characteristics (supply network interconnectedness, supply network accessibility, and supply network partner innovativeness) and a firm’s innovation output. Our findi...