1. Preliminaries 3 2. Gröbner Bases 3 2.1. Motivating Problems 3 2.2. Ordering of Monomials 3 2.3. The Division Algorithm in S = k[x1, . . . , xn] 5 2.4. Dickson’s Lemma 7 2.5. Gröbner Bases and the Hilbert Basis Theorem 10 2.6. Some Further Applications of Gröbner bases 18 3. Hilbert Functions 21 3.1. Macaulay’s Theorem 27 3.2. Hilbert Functions of Reduced Standard Graded k-algebras 37 3.3. Hi...

We define the reduced horseshoe resolution and the notion of conjoined pairs of ideals in order to study the minimal graded free resolution of a class of p-Borel ideals and recover Pardue’s regularity formula for them. It will follow from our technique that the graded betti numbers of these ideals do not depend on the characteristic of the base field k.

Classically, Gröbner bases are computed by first prescribing a fixed monomial order. Moss Sweedler suggested an alternative in the mid 1980s and developed a framework to perform such computations by using valuation rings in place of monomial orders. We build on these ideas by providing a class of valuations on K(x, y) that are suitable for this framework. We then perform such computations for i...

In a recent paper [17] Miro-Roig, Mezzetti and Ottaviani highlight the link between rational varieties satisfying a Laplace equation and artinian ideals failing the Weak Lefschetz Property. Continuing their work we extend this link to the more general situation of artinian ideals failing the Strong Lefschetz Property. We characterize the failure of the SLP (which includes WLP) by the existence ...

In [17] the authors highlight the link between rational varieties satisfying a Laplace equation and artinian ideals that fail the Weak Lefschetz property. Continuing their work we extend this link to the more general situation of artinian ideals failing the Strong Lefschetz Property. We characterize the failure of SLP (that includes WLP) by the existence of special singular hypersurfaces (cones...

For investigation of the properties of smooth muscle contraction hypertonically added 40 mm K medium has been used as a routine in this laboratory. Others have used isotonic high K/Na deficient medium for the same purpose. The distinct difference xisting between the mechanical response of guinea pig taenia coli in hyper-40 K medium and that in iso 152 K medium has been reported earlier. The res...

In [2] J. Gubeladze and the author have studied the divisorial ideals of an algebra R = K[M ] where K is a field and M a normal affine monoid. The divisorial ideals which have a monomial K-basis cut out from the group gp(M) by a translate of the cone R+M have been called conic. Up to isomorphism the conic ideals are exactly the direct summands of the extension R 1/n of R where R 1/n is the K-al...

Introduction. Fix a base field k. The quantized coordinate ring of n×n matrices over k, denoted by q(Mn(k)), is a deformation of the classical coordinate ring of n×n matrices, (Mn(k)). As such, it is a k-algebra generated by n2 indeterminates Xij , for 1 ≤ i,j ≤ n, subject to relations which we state in (1.1). Here, q is a nonzero element of the field k. When q = 1, we recover (Mn(k)), which is...