BACKGROUND Environmental health research employs a variety of metrics to measure heat exposure, both to directly study the health effects of outdoor temperature and to control for temperature in studies of other environmental exposures, including air pollution. To measure heat exposure, environmental health studies often use heat index, which incorporates both air temperature and moisture. Howe...

OBJECTIVES Orthopaedists often speculate how weather and school schedule may influence pediatric orthopedic trauma volume, but few studies have examined this. This study aims to determine: how do weather patterns, day, month, season and public school schedule influence the daily frequency of pediatric orthopedic trauma consults and admissions? METHODS With IRB approval, orthopedic trauma data...

Abstract This article describes two R packages for probabilistic weather forecasting, ensembleBMA, which offers ensemble postprocessing via Bayesian model averaging (BMA), and ProbForecastGOP, which implements the geostatistical output perturbation (GOP) method. BMA forecasting models use mixture distributions, in which each component corresponds to an ensemble member, and the form of the compo...

This research was carried out to evaluate performance of concrete produced, placed and cured under weather conditions normally followed in this country as well as several other countries. Mechanical properties of concrete containing low-calcium fly ash were determined under simulated hot and dry weather conditions. Compressive strength, tensile strength, and secant modulus of elasticity were me...

This work has as objective to study the influence of mixing hour in the concrete properties such as workability and compressive strength in hot and cold weather conditions from an industrially applied point of view. The foremost studied variable was the concrete mixing hour, having used five mixing hours for every weather conditions. For each mixing hour, were carried out three concrete batches...

Air quality is heavily influenced by weather conditions. In this study, we assessed the impact of long-term weather changes on air quality and health in the US during 1994-2012. We quantified past weather-related increases, or 'weather penalty', in ozone (O3) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5), and thereafter estimated the associated excess deaths. Using statistical regression methods, we deri...

Mustard (Brassica juncea L.) production in India suffers from aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach), infestation considerably. Role of weather on the incidence and development of mustard aphids was assessed from experimental data from six north Indian locations. Aphid appearance and population build up was found to be regulated by temperature and time to attain peak population was relatively sho...

Weather forecasting has been one of the most challenging problems around the world for more than half a century. Not only because of its practical values in meteorology, but it is also a typical unbiased time series forecasting problem in scientific research. This paper utilizes artificial neural network (ANN) simulated in MATLAB to predict two important weather parameters i.e. maximum and mini...

The Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect is a welldocumented phenomenon, in which the airtemperature in an urban area is elevated relative to the regional air-temperature. This paper evaluates two recently developed methods for generating urban weather files from a rural station that account for microclimatic impacts on dry-bulb temperature and relative humidity. The two methods examined are computat...

Random fluctuations in temperature and precipitation have substantial impacts on agricultural output. However, the contribution of these changing configurations in weather to total factor productivity (TFP) growth has not been addressed explicitly in econometric analyses. Thus, the key objective of this study is to quantify and to investigate the role of changing weather patterns in explaining ...