BACKGROUND Sputum smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients expel infectious viable bacilli for a period following commencement of treatment. Patients on Directly Observed Treatment Shortcourse (DOTS) receive intermittent therapy with multidrug regimen. AIMS To determine the time to sputum smear and culture conversion following initiation of DOTS treatment and study the factors that infl...

The significance of smear cytology of ultrasonography (US) or computed tomography (CT) guided core needle biopsy tissues have never been referred to. In this study, the first comparison between cytology and the corresponding histopathology was made to clarify the role of additional smear cytology in the diagnosis of lung lesions. This was a retrospective analysis of sixty-nine consecutive patie...

INTRODUCTION ADHESIVE DENTISTRY • Indications for Use of Adhesives • Advantages of Bonding Techniques • Mechanism of Adhesion • Factors Affecting Adhesion ENAMEL BONDING • Steps for Enamel Bonding • Mechanism of Etching DENTIN BONDING • Conditioning of Dentin • Priming of Dentin • Moist vs Dry Dentin DENTIN BONDING AGENT • Mechanism of Bonding • Evolution of Dentin Bonding Agents • Nanofilled B...

RATIONALE High rates of recurrent tuberculosis after successful treatment have been reported from different high burden settings in Sub-Saharan Africa. However, little is known about the rate of smear-positive tuberculosis after treatment default. In particular, it is not known whether or not treatment defaulters continue to be or become again smear-positive and thus pose a potential for transm...

OBJECTIVE To review a 1995 Pap smear screening program at Burnaby Correctional Centre for Women (BCCW). METHOD 129 inmates (15%), were screened in BCCW in 1995. General population data were obtained from the British Columbia Cervical Cytology Screening Program (BC CCSP) Registry. RESULTS BCCW inmates aged 25-29 years were 11 times more likely to have high grade cytologic abnormalities on Pa...

BACKGROUND Cervical cancer prevention is performed by taking Pap smears. The correct execution of the smear is crucial as an inadequate smear might result in underdiagnosis. The second means of cervical cancer prevention is visual inspection of the cervix uteri with acetic acid, while often both methods are combined. We investigated whether the application of acetic acid compromises the Pap sme...

PURPOSE Papanicolaou (Pap) smear services are available in most urban areas in Botswana. Yet most women in such areas do not screen regularly for cancer of the cervix. The purpose of this article is to present findings on the associations of demographic variables and Health Belief Model constructs with Pap smear screening among urban women in Botswana. SAMPLE AND METHODS The study included a ...

OBJECTIVE To determine the efficiency of routine tuberculosis (TB) case detection by examining sputum smear positivity for acid-fast bacilli in relation to duration of cough, characteristics of TB suspects examined and health service factors. METHOD We combined patient interviews with routine data from laboratory registers in 6 health care facilities in San Juan de Lurigancho district, Lima, ...

BACKGROUND Each follow-up during the course of tuberculosis treatment currently requires two sputum examinations. However, the incremental yield of the second sputum sample during follow-up of different types of tuberculosis patients has never been determined precisely. OBJECTIVES To assess the incremental yield of the second sputum sample in the follow-up of tuberculosis patients under the R...