The goal of this study was to apply artificial neural networks to predict rain-fed wheat yield using meteorological data a few days to few months before harvesting. The climatic observation data used; were mean of daily minimum and maximum temperature, extreme of daily minimum and maximum temperature, sum of daily rainfall, number of rainy days, sum of daily sun hours, mean of daily wind speed,...

Climate change is one of the challenges which affect different areas of the human’s life on the earth, one of which is its effect on extreme events such as flood and drought. Today, one of the most important topics being discussed is that how the intensity of heavy precipitations and flood will change in future compared to that of the present values. In the present study, we try to investigate ...

The Whole of Government (WG) approach is increasingly seen as an imperative for delivering coherent and integrated policies, joined up and seamless services, and integrated program management in government. Although no generic WG framework currently exists, there are reported cases of WG initiatives by different governments. Grounded in existing theories, frameworks and cases related to inter-o...

Fish nutrition researchers often feed fishes at between 3-5% of their body weight daily. Environmental risks associated with excess feed leachate are so enormous in tropical waters leading to algal bloom which can toxify the aquaculture products and threaten their safety. Considering that feed requirements by fishes depend on a number of factors such as size, health status and the general condi...

Ectotherms are considered to be particularly vulnerable to climate warming. Descriptions of habitat temperatures and predicted changes in climate usually consider mean monthly, seasonal or annual conditions. Ectotherms, however, do not simply experience mean conditions, but are exposed to daily fluctuations in habitat temperatures. Here, we highlight how temperature fluctuation can generate 're...

Simulation results of the widely used temperature index snowmelt model are greatly influenced by input air temperature data. Spatially sparse air temperature data remain the main factor inducing uncertainties and errors in that model, which limits its applications. Thus, to solve this problem, we created new air temperature data using linear regression relationships that can be formulated based...

In this study an analytical model for open loop pulsating heat pipes (PHPs) is presented. The model predicts the effect of different parameters such as evaporator temperature, length of evaporator, filling ratio, number of turn and tube diameter on PHP's performance. The governing equations in two phase flow including mass, momentum and energy equations are solved for both one dimensional liqu...

Run off resulted from rainfall is the main way of receiving water in most parts of the World. Therefore, prediction of runoff volume resulted from rainfall is getting more and more important in control, harvesting and management of surface water. In this research a number of machine learning and data mining methods including support vector machines, regression trees (CART algorithm), model tree...