the arabic word “wadi”, which was clearly understood by the arab nomads, had not been used in the ancient persian texts. the first uses of this word in the persian works go back to late third century after hijrah, when the translators had to find equivalents for ten qur’anic usages of the word. the present research aims to study which equivalents were employed in different periods for this word...

Histoplasmosis is endemic to the Mississippi and Ohio River valley regions in the US. It usually affects patients with underlying immunodeficiency but can also be seen in immunocompetent hosts. Although gastrointestinal involvement is common in the setting of disseminated histoplasmosis, isolated gastrointestinal involvement is uncommon. We report a case of isolated pancreatic histoplasmosis in...

The Reconquista River in Argentina is considered a "supercritical" river basin due to environmental degradation. Within its valley of 1.547 km2, there are more than 3 million inhabitants and 12,000 industries. Using early-life-stage toxicity tests with Bufo arenarum embryos (the most sensitive of three native species), we determined the water quality at six sampling stations of the river valley...

Two sites in the Orinoco Valley containing preceramic from excavated contexts are described. Radiocarbon dating and stylistic comparisons indicate that the northern tropical lowlands were inhabited at the onset of the Holocene, suggesting a time depth of 9000 years before the present for tropical forest-savanna adaptations in northern South America.

300 MW Baspa II is India’s largest private hydroelectric facility, located at the Baspa River which is an important left-hand tributary to the Sutlej River in the NW Himalaya (India). In this valley the Sangla palaeo-lake has been dammed around 8200 yr BP behind a rock-avalanche dam and Baspa II is located exactly on top of this palaeo-lake. This special location represents a very rare possibil...

in this paper, an advanced formulation of the spectral finite element method (sfem) is presented and applied in order to carry out site response analysis of 2d topographic structures subjected to vertically propagating incident in-plane waves in time-domain. the accuracy, efficiency and applicability of the formulation are demonstrated by solving some wave scattering examples. a numerical param...

Published research emphasizes rapid downstream export of terrestrial carbon from mountainous headwater rivers, but little work focuses on mechanisms that create carbon storage along these rivers, or on the volume of carbon storage. Here we estimate organic carbon stored in diverse valley types of headwater rivers in Rocky Mountain National Park, CO, USA. We show that low-gradient, broad valley ...