background: english for specific purposes (esp) courses should empower students to satisfy their language needs. however, at many iranian universities, these courses are mostly taught based on the grammar translation method focusing on teaching grammatical rules and reading comprehension. the present study aims at proposing an innovative approach for teaching english to medical students that ca...

This discussion paper aims to stimulate debate, and maybe research, into the pivotal role of managers in securing high quality teacher development within the Further Education System. The quality of teacher education, initial and continuing, has an obvious impact on the confidence and competence of teachers and therefore on the quality of teaching & learning. Teacher education, however, needs t...

This research posits a set of phonetic laryngeal features to account for the role of the epilarynx in laryngeal articulation. The focus is to move beyond a ‘glottal’ view of the larynx and beyond the lingual paradigm of pharyngeal articulation to a more ‘global’ view that integrates observations about how the epilaryngeal structure constitutes the locus of constriction in pharyngeal consonants,...

Purpose: Schools are widely accepted as having the potential to make substantial contributions to promoting healthy eating habits in children and adolescents. This paper presents a case study of how a whole-school approach, planned and implemented through a health promoting school framework, can foster improved nutrition in schools by creating a supportive environment for healthy eating habits....

Increased use of whole effluent toxicity (WET) tests in the regulatory arena has brought increased concern over the statistical analysis of WET test data and the determination of toxicity. One concern is the issue of statistical power. A number of WET tests may pass the current hypothesis test approach because they lack statistical power to detect relevant toxic effects because of large within-...

Introduction Expressive power and deductive power are two critical characteristics of knowledge representation languages. They capture respectively, what information can be explicitly stated, and what information can be deduced. Object (class) based representations have gained almost universal acceptance because of their ability to capture inter-class associations and their implied ability to r...