Ignoring an object slows subsequent naming responses to it, a phenomenon known as negative priming (NP). A central issue in NP research concerns the level of representation at which the effect occurs. As object naming is typically considered to involve access to abstract semantic representations, Tipper 1985 proposed that the NP effect occurred at this level of processing, and other researchers...

A longstanding and unresolved question is how observers construct a discrete set of color categories to partition and label the continuous variations in light spectra, and how these categories might reflect the neural representation of color. We explored the properties of color naming and its relationship to color appearance by analyzing individual differences in color-naming and hue-scaling pa...

Two chronic, nonfluent aphasia patients participated in overt naming fMRI scans, pre- and post-a series of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) treatments as part of a TMS study to improve naming. Each patient received 10, 1-Hz rTMS treatments to suppress a part of R pars triangularis. P1 was a 'good responder' with improved naming and phrase length; P2 was a 'poor responder' wit...

Objectives: Nouns and verbs are the central conceptual linguistic units of language acquisition in all human languages. While the noun-bias hypothesis claims that nouns have a privilege in children’s lexical development across languages, studies on Mandarin and Korean and other languages have challenged this view. More recent cross-linguistic naming studies on children in German, Turkish,...

Effective schemes to name uniquely and d e h e parts of grass plants allow researchers to communicate results of their experiments accurately and precisely. Naming schemes for vegetative parts of grass plants have been developed; however, no system exists to name uniquely parts of the inflorescence. In this report, we present a method to extend existing systems to name parts of grass spikes. Sp...

Perceptual psychology widely operationalizes color appearance as a construct with very close, even isomorphic, ties to color naming structure. Indeed, a considerable body of psychological and psychophysics research uses naming–based tasks to derive structural properties of color appearance space. New research investigating the relations linking color similarity and color naming structures sugge...

We report performance measures for lexical decision (LD), word naming (NMG), and progressive demasking (PDM) for a large sample of monosyllabic monomorphemic French words (N = 1,482). We compare the tasks and also examine the impact of word length, word frequency, initial phoneme, orthographic and phonological distance to neighbors, age-of-acquisition, and subjective frequency. Our results show...

Objective We tested the claim that age-related increases in knowledge interfere with word retrieval, leading to word finding failures. We did this by relating a measure of crystallized intelligence to tip-of-the-tongue (TOT) states and picture naming accuracy. Method Participants were from a large (N = 708), cross-sectional (aged 18-88 years), population-based sample from the Cambridge Cent...

While letter-naming ability is a well-known preschool predictor of the later acquisition literacy, little known about an appropriate benchmark (i.e., how many letter names children must know at given age) and it may vary among different writing systems. The present study aimed to establish in Japanese Hiragana for pre-elementary (age 5 6 years) examined whether this predicts risk or success rea...