OBJECTIVE To provide an overview of the course of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) following the onset of end-stage lupus nephropathy, regarding clinical and serological manifestations, survival on dialysis, and renal transplant outcomes. METHODS A review of the pertinent literature, identified by a comprehensive Grateful Med search, was performed. RESULTS There is a tendency for decrease...

Little is known about how adults of the corn leafhopper, Dalbulus maidis (DeLong & Wolcott), and its congeners survive subfreezing temperatures at high elevations during the dry winter in Mexico. In the laboratory, duration of survival at -5 ~ was measured for four Mexican Dalbulus species: D. maidis, D. elimatus (Ball), D. gelbus DeLong and D. quinquenotatus DeLong & Nault; and a closely relat...

Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD/SOD2) is a mitochondria-resident enzyme that governs the types of reactive oxygen species egressing from the organelle to affect cellular signaling. Here, we demonstrate that MnSOD upregulation in cancer cells establishes a steady flow of H2O2 originating from mitochondria that sustains AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) activation and the metabolic shift to glyco...

The alpha-2 agonist, medetomidine (MED), and its pure active enantiomer dexmedetomidine (DMED), are used clinically in small animal practice as potent sedatives, analgesic agents, muscle relaxants, and as adjunct agents for balanced anaesthesia. However, their cardiovascular effects limit their use. The use of constant rate infusion (CRI) for administration of MED was studied in order to provid...

Congenic BB.SHR (D4Got41-Npy-Tacr1; BB.4S) rats develop an incomplete metabolic syndrome with obesity, hyperleptinemia, and dyslipidemia compared with their progenitor strain, the diabetes-prone BB/OK rat. To narrow down the underlying gene(s), two subcongenic BB.SHR rat lines, briefly termed BB.4Sa and BB.4Sb, were generated. Male BB.4S (n = 20), BB.4Sa (n = 24), and BB.4Sb (n = 26) were longi...

OBJECTIVE Loss-of-function mutations in Perk (EIF2AK3) result in permanent neonatal diabetes in humans (Wolcott-Rallison Syndrome) and mice. Previously, we found that diabetes associated with Perk deficiency resulted from insufficient proliferation of beta-cells and from defects in insulin secretion. A substantial fraction of PERK-deficient beta-cells display a highly abnormal cellular phenotyp...

Mechanical factors have now been excluded as the main cause of non-union in fractures of the femoral neck : the development of efficient methods of internal fixation has removed this source of non-union and the chief remaining cause is disturbance of the circulation of blood to the capital fragment. The incidence of avascular necrosis of the femoral head appears to depend upon normal variations...

1. Jacobs E, Chen AH, Karliner LS, Agger-Gupta N, Mutha S. The need for more research on language barriers in health care: a proposed research agenda. Milbank Q 2006; 84: 111–3. 2. John-Baptiste A, Naglie G, Tomlinson G et al The effect of English language proficiency on length of stay and in-hospital mortality. J Gen Intern Med 2004; 19: 221–8. 3. Bhandari VK, Wang F, Bindman AB, Schillinger D...

An enormous body of evidence supports the activation of caspases may be responsible for the neurodegeneration associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and for that reason, caspases are potential therapeutic targets for the management of this disorder. However, till date, the studies testing with prospective role of caspase inhibitors for the treatment of AD have yet to be realized. Obviously, t...

Alignment of protein structures can help to infer protein functions and AQ1 can reveal ancient evolutionary relationship. We discuss computational methods we developed for structural alignment of both global backbones and local surfaces of proteins that do not depend on the ordering of residues in the primary sequences. The algorithm for global structural alignment is based on fragment assembly...