Arterial xenon 133 concentrations have been measured after inhalation of the isotope in anaesthetized and conscious human patients. The anaesthetized patients were ventilated by either a mechanical or a manual method. The arterial concentration of xenon 133 was compared with the pulmonary radioactivity measured by external scintillation counting during clearance of the gas. The rates of arteria...

Isotopic signatures of nitrogen, argon, and xenon have been determined in separated millimeter-sized pockets of shock-melted glass in a recently identified lithology of the meteorite Zagami, a shergottite. The ratio of nitrogen-15 to nitrogen-14, which is at least 282 per mil larger than the terrestrial value, the ratio of xenon-129 to xenon-132 = 2.40, and the argon isotopic abundances match t...

The study of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in human weight regulation has been constrained by the lack of a noninvasive tool for measuring this tissue and its function in vivo. Existing imaging modalities are nonspecific and intrinsically insensitive to the less active, lipid-rich BAT of obese subjects, the target population for BAT studies. We demonstrate noninvasive imaging of BAT in mice by hyp...

We have studied the Brillouin spectrum of light scattered by the dilute monatomic one component gases xenon and helium and by the xenon-helium binary gas mixture. In a one component monatomic gas the scattered light spectrum for a scattering process with momentum transfer, K, and energy transfer, w, is proportional to the power spectrum, S(K, W), of fluctuations in the density of the gas. In a ...

Since hyperpolarized 129Xe MRI was first demonstrated in the lung, air space imaging using hyperpolarized noble gases (129Xe and 3He) has progressed at a rapid rate (Goodson, 2002; Zhou, 2011c). Owing to high lipid solubility, absence of background signal in biological tissue, non-invasiveness, lack of radioactivity, different relaxation to oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, and larger chemical...

The detection of biological molecules and their interactions is a significant component of modern biomedical research. In current biosensor technologies, simultaneous detection is limited to a small number of analytes by the spectral overlap of their signals. We have developed an NMR-based xenon biosensor that capitalizes on the enhanced signal-to-noise, spectral simplicity, and chemical-shift ...

BACKGROUND Anesthetics, including isoflurane and nitrous oxide, an antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of the glutamate receptor, have been demonstrated to induce apoptotic neurodegeneration when administered during neurodevelopment. Xenon, also an N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonist, not only lacks the characteristic toxicity produced by other N-methyl-D-aspartate antagonists, but also ...

Perinatal asphyxia can result in neuronal injury with long-term neurological and behavioral consequences. Although hypothermia may provide some modest benefit, the intervention itself can produce adverse consequences. We have investigated whether xenon, an antagonist of the N-methyl-D-aspartate subtype of the glutamate receptor, can enhance the neuroprotection provided by mild hypothermia. Cult...