The present study was undertaken to investigate the sedative, analgesic and clinical effects of xylazine, medetomidine and dexmedetomidine with fentanyl as pre-anaesthetics in water buffaloes and to compare the dose-sparing effect of xylazine, medetomidine and dexmedetomidine on thiopental for induction and isoflurane for maintenance of anaesthesia in water buffaloes. Six male water buffaloes r...

This study is part of ongoing work toward developing pharmacological methods for enhancing and inducing ejaculation in stallions with ejaculatory dysfunction or disabilities that interfere with normal breeding behavior. The objective was to evaluate a treatment regimen involving oral imipramine followed by intravenous xylazine that, in uncontrolled field clinical trials, had shown promise for a...

Dexamethasone is an effective antiemetic drug, but its mechanism of action is unclear. We designed this study to investigate the direct antiemetic action of dexamethasone in the medulla of cats. By using an oscillographic vomiting model, decerebrated cats received microinjections of dexamethasone 100 nL (1 microg, n = 7; 0.1 microg, n = 7) into the bilateral nuclei tractus solitarii, which led ...

OBJECTIVE To compare tonal response properties of neurons in the primary auditory cortex of Sprague-Dawley rats anesthetized with urethane and ketamine-xylazine. METHODS Forty-five female Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g) were randomized into two groups and anesthetized with urethane or ketamine-xylazine. Tone pips were chosen as the stimuli to obtain the action potentials of the single neurons...

Twelve canine orthopaedic patients were randomly divided into 2 groups X (xylazine) and M (medetomidine). Atropine @ 0.04 mg/kg body wt. IM was administered in all animals, followed 5 minutes later by xylazine (0. 5 mg/kg body wt. IV) and butorphanol (0.02 mg/kg body wt. IV) in group X (n=6), whereas, in group M (n=6) medetomidine (10μg/kg body wt. IV) and butorphanol (0.02 mg/kg body wt. IV) w...

OBJECTIVE To determine the sensitivity to an equal dose of ketamine/xylazine injection at anesthetic dose in a chronic model of hypernatremia. METHODS This study was conducted at the Department of Physiology, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran in 2004. Sixty male Wistar rats, weighing 250 +/- 20 g were randomly allocated to 3 groups. The control group was provided with tap wat...

The last few years have seen an increase in the variety of in vivo experiments used for studying cerebellar physiological mechanisms. A combination of ketamine and xylazine has become a particularly popular form of anesthesia. However, because nonanesthetized control conditions are lacking in these experiments, so far there has been no evaluation of the effects of these drugs on the physiologic...

The aim of this study was to compare the duration of analgesia produced by epidural injection of ketamine, lidocaine and xylazine in West African dwarf goats. Three healthy West African dwarf goats of varying ages were used for this study. After administration of each drug, the onset of action was recorded and the duration of action of each drug was determine through pin prick method at ten (10...

A total of 15 immobilizations were performed on 12 common genets (Genetta genetta) with a combination of ketamine hydrochloride (KE) and xylazine hydrochloride (XY). Ten immobilizations were successful using a single mean administration of 5.7 mg/kg (SD = 1.7) KE and 9.8 mg/kg (SD = 2.9) XY; five immobilizations required supplemental doses that averaged 3.4 mg/kg KE and 1.9 mg/kg XY. Initial do...