We delineate three mechanisms that could explain women's under-representation in electoral lists and political power: voter demand, candidate supply, and internal party dynamics. We use Spain's Equality Law, which mandates a 40 percent female quota on electoral lists, to test these alternative theories. The law was enacted by the Social-Democratic Party after the surprise parliamentary electora...

The potential of information technology to transform organizations has been a consistent theme in the management literature since computers were first introduced commercially in the 19505. Yet, the empirical literature on information technology's role in organizational transformation has been characterized by mixed findings across studies and contradictory results within studies. This paper tre...

A fully quantized field theory is developped for the skyrmion topo-logical excitations of the O(3) symmetric CP 1-Nonlinear Sigma Model in 2+1D. The method allows for the obtainment of arbitrary correlation functions of quantum skyrmion fields. The two-point function is evaluated in three different situations: a) the pure theory; b) the case when it is coupled to fermions which are otherwise no...

The possibility of a heavy supersymmetric spectrum at the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model is considered and the decoupling from the low energy electroweak scale is analyzed in detail. The formal proof of decoupling of supersymmetric particles from low energy physics is stated in terms of the effective action for the particles of the Standard Model that results by integrating out all the s...

We present results and applications of high precision timing measurements of the binary millisecond pulsar J1012+5307. Combining our radio timing measurements with results based on optical observations, we derive complete 3-D velocity information for this system. Correcting for Doppler effects, we derive the intrinsic spin parameters of this pulsar and a characteristic age of 8.6± 1.9 Gyr. Our ...

We consider the problem of energy-mass transfer from scattering to bound states for a one body quantum system subject to the action of a time dependent point interaction in 3-D. Under suitable assumptions on the initial state of the particle, we prove a result of local controllability of this process. Our proof exploits the finite time asymptotic analysis of fractional integral equations and th...

Energy inefficient software implementations may cause battery drain for small systems and high energy costs for large systems. Dynamic energy analysis is often applied to mitigate these issues. However, this is often hardware-specific and requires repetitive measurements using special equipment. We present a static analysis deriving upper-bounds for energy consumption based on an introduced ene...

We review theory and evidence relating to herd behavior, payo and reputational interactions, social learning, and informational cascades in capital markets. We o er a simple taxonomy of e ects, and evaluate how alternative theories may help explain evidence on the behavior of investors, rms, and analysts. We consider both incentives for parties to engage in herding or cascading, and the incenti...

Assessing the effectiveness of energy conservation measures (ECMs) prior to their actual implementation in buildings is critical. There is an increasing tendency to employ calibrated building energy models to quantify energy savings that could be achieved by ECMs to justify their implementation. However, there is empirical evidence that reveals noticeable discrepancies between simulated and mea...

We extend the form-factors approach to the quantum Ising model at finite temperature. The two point function of the energy is obtained in closed form, while the two point function of the spin is written as a Fredholm determinant. Using the approach of [1], we obtain, starting directly from the continuum formulation, a set of six differential equations satisfied by this two point function. Four ...