The neuromodulator dopamine signals through the dopamine D2 receptor (D2R) to modulate central nervous system functions through diverse signal transduction pathways. D2R is a prominent target for drug treatments in disorders where dopamine function is aberrant, such as schizophrenia. D2R signals through distinct G-protein and β-arrestin pathways, and drugs that are functionally selective for th...

OBJECTIVE To explore the difference of distribution in intestinal flora among colorectal cancer patients and healthy controls and investigate characteristics and changes of sequences in beta-glucuronidase (β-glucuronidase, β-G). METHODS Bacterial genomic DNA and E. coli DNA in feces were extracted from colorectal cancer patients and healthy controls respectively. Specific primers for β-G gene...

Let G = (V,E) be a connected graph (or hypergraph) and let d(x, y) denote the distance between vertices x, y ∈ V (G). A subset W ⊆ V (G) is called a resolving set for G if for every pair of distinct vertices x, y ∈ V (G), there is w ∈ W such that d(x,w) 6= d(y, w). The minimum cardinality of a resolving set for G is called the metric dimension of G, denoted by β(G). In this paper we determine t...

Background: In food industry, carotenoids are used as food colorants conferring yellow to red color. This research was designed to study on lipid and β-carotene production by Rhodosporidium diobovatum cultured with different Carbon to Nitrogen (C/N) ratios. Methods: R. diobovatum was cultured in a medium containing 40 g/l glucose (as the carbon source) and different C/N ratios (20, 50, and 80)...

Desensitization is a physiological feedback mechanism that blocks detrimental effects of persistent stimulation. G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) was originally identified as the kinase that mediates G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) desensitization. Subsequent studies revealed that GRK is a family composed of seven isoforms (GRK1-GRK7). Each GRK shows a differential expression patter...

Let EG be a holomorphic principal G–bundle over a compact connected Riemann surface, where G is a connected reductive affine algebraic group defined over C, such that EG admits a holomorphic connection. Take any β ∈ H(X, ad(EG)), where ad(EG) is the adjoint vector bundle for EG, such that the conjugacy class β(x) ∈ g/G, x ∈ X , is independent of x. We give a sufficient condition for the existen...

G(M1) gangliosidosis and Morquio B are autosomal recessive lysosomal storage diseases associated with a neurodegenerative disorder or dwarfism and skeletal abnormalities, respectively. These diseases are caused by deficiencies in the lysosomal enzyme β-d-galactosidase (β-Gal), which lead to accumulations of the β-Gal substrates, G(M1) ganglioside, and keratan sulfate. β-Gal is an exoglycosidase...

We investigate some issues concerning the zero-momentum four-point renormalized coupling constant g in the symmetric phase of O(N) models, and the corresponding Callan-Symanzik β-function. In the framework of the 1/N expansion we show that the Callan-Symanzik β-function is non-analytic at its zero, i.e. at the fixed-point value g∗ of g. This fact calls for a check of the actual accuracy of the ...

The purpose of the present paper is to derive the necessary and sufficient condition for the generalized Bessel function (struve function) belonging to the classes Ωλ(g;α, β) and Υ ∗ λ(g;α, β).