CO2 H2O^ HCO3 H (Eq. 1) The first carbonic anhydrase was purified from erythrocytes in 1933 (1) followed by the characterization of several mammalian isozymes that dominated research on carbonic anhydrase until recently. Although it has been known since the 1940s that carbonic anhydrase is ubiquitous in plants (2), where it is essential for CO2 fixation, relatively few studies had been reported...

Acute hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction can be inhibited by high doses of the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide. This study aimed to determine whether acetazolamide is effective at dosing relevant to human use at high altitude and to investigate whether its efficacy against hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction is dependent on carbonic anhydrase inhibition by testing other potent heteroc...

Reaction of aromatic/heterocyclic sulfonamides containing a free amino group with triflic anhydride afforded compounds possessing trifluoromethanesulfonamido moieties in their molecule. The Zn(II) and Cu(II) complexes of these new sulfonamides were prepared and characterized by standard procedures (elemental analysis, spectroscopic, magnetic, thermogravimetric and conductimetric measurements). ...

Bromoacetazolamide effects rather quickly a partial, and more slowly an almost complete, irreversible inactivation of bovine carbonic anhydrase B (EC 4.2.1.1). Under identical conditions, the enzyme is not inactivated by bromoacetic acid or iodoacetamide, nor does it react significantly with these compounds. The zinc-free enzyme does not undergo irreversible binding with W-bromoacetazolamide an...

Immobilization of Carbonic Anhydrase for Biomimetic CO2 Capture Maria Elena Russo, Stefania Scialla, Viviana De Luca, Clemente Capasso, Giuseppe Olivieri, Antonio Marzocchella a Istituto di Ricerche sulla Combustione– Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, P.le V. Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy b Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica, dei Materiali e della Produzione Industriale, Università degli St...

Citrulline generation in isolated rat liver mitochondria is markedly inhibited by the carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide (Dodgson et al., 1983). This finding suggests that hepatic mitochondrial-matrix carbonic anhydrase may exert an important controlling effect on ureogenesis by supplying bicarbonate for carbamoyl phosphate synthesis. Three different carbonic anhydrase isoenzymes have b...

The branchial epithelium of the mudskipper Periophthalmodon schlosseri is densely packed with mitochondria-rich (MR) cells. This species of mudskipper is also able to eliminate ammonia against large inward gradients and to tolerate extremely high environmental ammonia concentrations. To test whether these branchial MR cells are the sites of active ammonia elimination, we used an immunological a...

To investigate the role of carbonic anhydrase in the recovery of skeletal muscle from anoxia, pH and cell phosphates were measured by (31)P-nuclear magnetic resonance in superfused newborn rabbit myotubes and cultured mouse soleus cells (H-2K(b)-ts a58) after approximately 2-3.5 h without superfusion. In control studies, pH and phosphocreatine fell and P(i) rose during anoxia and recovered with...

We report three experiments which show that the hydrolysis of 4-nitrophenyl acetate catalyzed by carbonic anhydrase III from bovine skeletal muscle occurs at a site on the enzyme different than the active site for CO2 hydration. This is in contrast with isozymes I and II of carbonic anhydrase for which the sites of 4-nitrophenyl acetate hydrolysis and CO2 hydration are the same. The pH profile ...

Variations in diuretic-mediated inhibition of carbonic anhydrase-dependent chloride transport in platelets and vascular smooth muscle could account for the contrasting efficacy of the thiazide and thiazide-like diuretics in reducing cardiovascular morbidity in patients with hypertension. We assessed platelet carbonic anhydrase activity and catecholamine-induced platelet aggregation in the prese...