The properties of two carnitine acyltransferases (CPT) purified from bovine liver are compared to confirm that they are different proteins. The soluble CPT and the inner CPT from mitochondria differ in subunit Mr, native Mr, pI and reactivity with thiol reagents. All eight free thiol groups in soluble CPT react with 5,5'dithiobis-(2-nitrobenzoate) in the absence of any unfolding reagent, and ac...

One of the most fundamental symmetries in physics is CPT invariance. This article reviews the conditions under which CPT symmetry holds by recalling two proofs of the CPT theorem: The original Lagrangian-based analysis and the more rigorous one in the context of axiomatic quantum field theory. The presentation of the proofs is followed by a discussion of the major physical implications that ari...

OBJECTIVES The cold pressor task (CPT) is an experimental method of inducing pain. Ethical concerns have been raised regarding the nontherapeutic induction of pain in children. The objectives of this study were to describe the ethical challenges and acceptability of the CPT from the perspective of researchers, children and parents. METHODS Study 1:16 researchers completed a survey regarding t...

Carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT)-I catalyses the transfer of long-chain fatty acids from CoA to carnitine for translocation across the mitochondrial inner membrane. Expression of the 'liver' isoform of the CPT-I gene (CPT-Ialpha) is subject to developmental, hormonal and tissue-specific regulation. To understand the basis for control of CPT-Ialpha gene expression, we have characterized the ...

CPT-AX performance deficit in schizophrenia is well documented but it is unclear what causes this impairment. Past studies have focused on the roles of sustained attention and context processing in CPT-AX but the role of working memory (WM) has not been fully examined even though encoding and maintenance of the cue in WM may be critical to CPT-AX. The major goal of this study was to investigate...

Tumor cells are known to exhibit highly varied sensitivity to camptothecins (CPT; e.g., irinotecan and topotecan). However, the factors that determine CPT sensitivity/resistance are largely unknown. Recent studies have shown that the ubiquitin-like protein, IFN-stimulated gene 15 (ISG15), which is highly elevated in many human cancers and tumor cell lines, antagonizes the ubiquitin/proteasome p...

BACKGROUND Coronary endothelial function testing using acetylcholine is not routinely available, while non-pharmacological cold pressor testing (CPT) is considered an endothelial stressor. Noninvasive cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) myocardial perfusion reserve index (MPRI) can detect coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD). We evaluated if CPT stress CMRI MPRI could detect invasive ...

A new water-soluble derivative of camptothecin, 7-ethyl-10-[4-(1-piperidino)-1-piperidino]carbonyloxycamptothecin (CPT-11), did not exhibit potent antitumor activity in vitro against experimental tumor cells. The 50% effective doses of CPT-11 against KB and L1210 cells were 1100 and 5500 ng/ml, respectively. These values were markedly higher than those of camptothecin (CPT, 0.98 and 3.7 ng/ml) ...

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hypertriglyceridemia, and elevated free fatty acids are present in the majority of patients with metabolic syndrome and type 2 diabetes mellitus and are strongly associated with hepatic insulin resistance. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that an increased rate of fatty acid oxidation in liver would prevent the potentially harmful effects ...

Irinotecan (CPT-11) is a chemotherapeutic agent that is active in the treatment of a variety of solid tumor malignancies. Diarrhea represents the most common dose-limiting toxicity that is independent of the schedule of administration. A rat model with dose-limiting toxicity profiles that are similar to those observed in patients treated with CPT-11 was developed and used to evaluate the role o...