Few data are available on adolescent users because most behavioral studies on anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS) abuse have been performed in adults. Studies evaluating the impact of long-term effects of AAS abuse on the prepubertal phase are even more uncommon. Accordingly, this study was developed to test the hypothesis that changes induced by the use of AAS during the adolescent phase may be...

BACKGROUND Inflammation and malnutrition are common in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, and plasma concentrations of free amino acids (AAs) in these patients are often abnormal. Malnutrition contributes to alterations in AA concentrations. OBJECTIVE The objective was to study the effects of inflammation on plasma AA concentrations. DESIGN Concentrations of plasma AAs, serum albumin, a...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effectiveness of exercise and amino acid supplementation in enhancing muscle mass and strength in community-dwelling elderly sarcopenic women. DESIGN Randomized controlled trial. SETTING Urban community in Tokyo, Japan. PARTICIPANTS One hundred fifty-five women aged 75 and older were defined as sarcopenic and randomly assigned to one of four groups: exercise and...

In contrast to the many studies of the effects of individual amino acids (AAs) on eating, no studies have compared the effects of different AAs on eating and underlying preabsorptive gastrointestinal mechanisms. To compare the effects of intraduodenal infusions of l-tryptophan (TRP), l-leucine (LEU), l-phenylalanine (PHE) and l-glutamine (GLN) on appetite, gastrointestinal hormone responses (in...

BACKGROUND Several studies have shown higher Alzheimer's disease (AD) incidence rates are in African-Americans (AAs) than Caucasians (CCs). If this finding is consistent across studies, it raises important etiologic questions regarding factors responsible for this discrepancy. It also affects the likely public health burden of AD in the US in the future, as the non-Caucasian population becomes ...

This study was conducted to assess the influence of dietary protein content in poultry when using the 15N-leucine single-injection method to determine endogenous amino acid losses (EAALs) in poultry. Forty-eight cecectomized roosters (2.39 ± 0.23 kg) were randomly allocated to eight dietary treatments containing protein levels of 0, 3%, 6%, 9%, 12%, 15%, 18% and 21%. Each bird was precisely fed...

CONTEXT Dominant activating mutations of the TSH receptor are the cause of familial nonautoimmune hyperthyroidism (FNAH) (inherited mutations affecting the whole gland since embryogenesis) and the majority of hyperfunctioning autonomous adenomas (AAs) (somatic mutations affecting only one cell later in the adulthood). OBJECTIVE The objective of the study was defining the functional and molecu...

Studies on the association between aortic aneurysm (AA) and the subsequent risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) are limited to a few case reports and investigations which only focused on surgical effects. Therefore, we used the National Health Insurance Research Database to clarify whether patients with AAs have a heightened risk of subsequent VTEs, including deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulm...

conclusions a higher number of bacterial flora was found in the bodybuilders particularly those using aas in comparison to the controls, which might be due to the influence of these aas on the skin microflora and transmission of the bacteria through the direct contact of the naked skin with the exercise instruments. background anabolic-androgenic steroids (aas) abuse by the athletes has dramati...

In yeast, most amino acid biosynthetic pathways are coregulated: starvation for a single amino acid results in derepression of enzyme activities for many different biosynthetic pathways. This phenomenon is referred to as "general control of amino acid biosynthesis." In this paper we describe the isolation and characterization of 43 amino acid analog-sensitive (aas-) mutants that are perturbed i...