The authors of the theory of reasoned action (TRA) and its extension, the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) recommend that researchers who use these theories to investigate the determinants of a given behaviour should first conduct an elicitation study to identify the modal salient beliefs in the target population. In spite of the importance accorded to salient beliefs by the TRA/TPB, the elici...

In this paper we present Hilbert-style axiomatizations for three logics for reasoning about continuous-space Markov processes (MPs): (i) a logic for MPs defined for probability distributions on measurable state spaces, (ii) a logic for MPs defined for sub-probability distributions and (iii) a logic defined for arbitrary distributions. These logics are not compact so one needs infinitary rules i...

Published pre-Fukushima food monitoring data from 1963 to 1995 were used to study the long-term presence of 137Cs and 90Sr in rice and wheat. Effective half-lives (Teff) were calculated for rice (137Cs: 5.6 years; 90Sr: 6.7 years) and wheat (137Cs: 3.5 years; 90Sr: 6.2 years), respectively. In rice, 137Cs exhibits a longer Teff because putrefaction processes will lead to the formation of NH4+ i...

Measurements of fallout radioactivity in Greenland in 1977 are reported. Strontium-90 (and Cesium-137 in most cases) was determined in samples of precipitation, sea water, vegetation, animals, and drinking water. Estimates are given of the mean contents of 90Sr and 137Cs in the human diet in Greenland in 1977.

In a Perspective, Collins Iwuji and Marie-Louise Newell discuss early findings from Richard Hayes and colleagues' PopART study on HIV testing and treatment.

We present a systematic study of Plurality elections with strategic voters who,in addition to having preferences over election winners, have secondary prefer-ences, which govern their behavior when their vote cannot affect the election out-come. Specifically, we study two models that have been recently considered in theliterature [6, 17]: lazy voters, who prefer to abstain when ...

The workload of an active DBMS consists of two types of activities: externally generated tasks submitted by users, and rule management tasks caused by the triggering of rules stored in the knowledge component of the system. Most design proposals for active DBMS’s assume that an external task should be combined with all the resulting rule management tasks into a single transaction. There is no c...

[reaction: see text]. Yttrium-salen complexes effect transacylation between enolesters and chiral secondary alcohols, resulting in varying degrees of kinetic resolution. Even though the enantioselectivity remains modest (k(fast)/k(slow) up to 4.81), these results represent the first demonstration of a conceptually new metal-catalyzed acyl transfer process that results in kinetic resolution. On ...

Belief function theory provides a flexible way to combine information provided by different sources. This combination is usually followed by a decision making which can be handled by a range of decision rules. Some rules help to choose the most likely hypothesis. Others allow that a decision is made on a set of hypotheses. In [6], we proposed a decision rule based on a distance measure. First, ...

vt(mt;χt) = u(χt(mt)) + β Et[vt+1((mt −χt(mt))R+ yt+1)] (1) vt(mt;χt) = u(χt(mt)) + δβ Et[vt+1((mt −χt(mt))R+ yt+1)] (2) Notice that these functions are well defined for any consumption function χt(mt) that is feasible; they are not Bellman equations because they do not assume that the consumption function χt is optimal. For example, these functions would be well defined for χt(mt) = mt, or for...