Background: Accurate dose calcula ons in small beamlets and lung material have been a great challenge for most of treatment planning systems (TPS). In the current study, the dose calcula on accuracy of TiGRT TPS was evaluated for small beamlets in water and lung phantom by comparison to Monte Carlo (MC) calcula ons. Materials and Methods: The head of Siemens Oncorimpression linac was simulated ...

strategies based on genotypic selection. It is concerned with producing improved cultivars for clonal propagation by tubers, and not with ones for propagation by True Potato Seed (TPS). This is because SCRI breeders are sceptical about the place of TPS in the highly developed markets of Europe and North America, whilst acknowledging that there is much interest throughout the tropics in TPS as a...

The biotransformation of diclofenac during wastewater treatment was investigated. Attached growth biomass from a carrier-filled compartment of a hybrid-MBBR at the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Bad Ragaz, Switzerland was used to test the biotransformation. Laboratory-scale incubation experiments were performed with diclofenac and carriers and high-resolution LC-QTof-MS was implemented to...

Multisite protein phosphorylation plays a fundamental role in metabolic regulation. To detect and quantify in vitro kinase phosphorylation activities, we developed a highly selective LC-MS/MS-based method using high resolution multiple reaction monitoring on a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. This method eliminates the need for stable isotope labeling and enables multiparallel kinase target...

Precut papillotomy (PP) is a useful technique for overcoming a difficult biliary cannulation (DBC). Various techniques and devices have been introduced for successful PP. PP using needle-knife (NK) is the main modalities, and PP using pull-type papillotome, transpancreatic septotomy (TPS), was firstly introduced by Goff in 1995. After then TPS with or without guidewire or/and pancreatic stent w...

When one is seeking an expansion proof for a theorem of higher-order logic, not all necessary substitution terms can be generated by unification of formulas already present, so certain expansion options [5] are applied, and then a search for a p-acceptable mating [2] is made, using Huet's higher-order unification algorithm [8] to generate all remaining substitution terms. The expansion options ...

Introduction: Radiotherapy is an effective modality to treat esophageal carcinoma. Due to various inhomogenous tissues with a variety of physical and radiological properties which can cause uncertainty in accurate dose calculations in radiation therapy, accuracy of TPS is very important. The aim of this study was to quantify dose calculation accuracy of CoreplanTM TPS in an inh...