The objectives of this study were first to describe the pattern of the epidemic of bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) in Great Britain in terms of the temporal change in the proportion of all cattle holdings that had experienced at least one confirmed case of BSE to June 30, 1997, and secondly to identify risk factors that influenced the date of onset of a holding's first confirmed BSE case...

BACKGROUND The variability in the clinical or pathological presentation of transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs) in sheep, such as scrapie and bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), has been attributed to prion protein genotype, strain, breed, clinical duration, dose, route and type of inoculum and the age at infection. The study aimed to describe the clinical signs in sheep infecte...

In the interspecies transmission of prions, the species barrier influences the susceptibility of the host. Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) prions affect a wide range of host species but do not affect hamsters. In order to study this species barrier, this study analysed the transmissibility of BSE prions to several lines of transgenic (Tg) mice, including those expressing mouse and hamste...

Cross-contamination of cattle feed with meat and bone meal (MBM) allowed in feed for other species is regarded as the current hypothesis for the infection pathway of Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) cases occurring after the implementation of a ban on feeding MBM to cattle. This study was aimed at establishing a spatial relation between BSE cases in Switzerland and the findings of MBM in ...

BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women. All ages are susceptible and more than 90% of the patients can be cured with early diagnosis. Breast self-examination (BSE) and mammography can be useful for this aim. In this study we examined the components of the Champion health belief model to identify if they could predict the intentions of women to perform such screening. MATE...

Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) and other transmissible spongiform encephalopa­ thies, also known as “prion diseases,” came to the world’s attention after the emergence of bovine spongiform enceph­ alopathy (BSE) in Europe and the sub­ sequent revelation of scientific evidence indicating that its transmission to humans causes a variant form of CJD [1]. Since BSE first emerged in the 1980s in th...

The aim of this study is to identify, as hypotheses, all feasible sources and routes of infection for the BSE cases in Japan, and to study the probability of each hypothesis. The strategy of this epidemiological study is as follows. 1) BSE risk status in Japan is tentatively divided into 3 stages, i.e., before 1996 April when administrative guidance for feed ban of cattle MBM introduced. After ...

OBJECTIVES We evaluated whether breast self-examination (BSE) influences subsequent mammography participation. METHODS We evaluated associations between BSE and subsequent mammography participation, adjusting for baseline screening behaviors and sociodemographic, health, and lifestyle characteristics, among women aged 40 years and older using data from the longitudinal Canadian National Popul...