Glucocorticosteroids such as dexamethasone (Dex) increase sugar and lipid uptake in adult animals and accelerate the development of the immature intestine. The effect of Dex on the ontogeny of lipid absorption is unknown. In adult rats, glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) has a trophic effect on the intestine and enhances nutrient absorption. This study was undertaken to determine the effect of GLP...

A category with finite products and finite coproducts is said to be distributive if the canonical map A×B + A×C → A× (B + C) is invertible for all objects A, B, and C. Given a distributive category D , we describe a universal functor D → Dex preserving finite products and finite coproducts, for which Dex is extensive; that is, for all objects A and B the functor Dex/A × Dex/B → Dex/(A + B) is a...

BACKGROUND To investigate the effects of intraoperative application of dexmedetomidine (Dex) on early gastrointestinal motility after laparoscopic resection of colorectal cancer. METHODS In this prospective, randomized double-blind investigation, 60 patients who underwent laparoscopic resection of colorectal cancer were randomly allocated to receive Dex (DEX group, n = 30) or saline (CON grou...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the safety and efficacy of an intraocular biodegradable polymer dexamethasone drug delivery system (DEX DDS) in treating postoperative inflammation after cataract surgery. STUDY DESIGN Multicenter, randomized, double-masked, parallel group study comparing two dose levels of the DEX DDS to concurrent placebo and no treatment control subjects. PARTICIPANTS Ninety patient...

BACKGROUND Antiemetic triplet therapy including dexamethasone (DEX) is widely used for patients receiving highly emetogenic chemotherapy (HEC). In Japan, the appropriate dose of DEX has not been established for this combination. MATERIALS AND METHODS To assess the efficacy and safety of increased-dose DEX, we retrospectively examined patients receiving HEC with antiemetic triplet therapy. R...

Intermittent courses of dexamethasone (DEX) were administered to 112 consecutive, previously untreated patients with multiple myeloma (MM). Using criteria based on a 75% or greater reduction of calculated tumor mass, the overall response rate was 43%. Among comparable patients, response rate were approximately 15% less than those observed previously with vincristine-doxorubicin by continuous in...

Unmethylated CpG DNA, as a stimulatory molecule, has potent pro-inflammatory effects in the central nervous system (CNS). Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has been confirmed to exert anti-inflammatory effects in CNS. Our study was aimed to explore the effects of DEX on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) expression in unmethylated CpG DNA-challenged microglia. In vivo, after 3 d intracisternal injection of OD...

Sympathetic hyperactivation is one of the causes of postoperative ileus, which occurs frequently after abdominal surgery and adversely influences the patient's prognosis. We aimed to investigate whether dexmedetomidine (DEX) could attenuate postoperative ileus in patients undergoing laparoscopic gastrectomy. Ninety-two patients were randomized to the control (n = 46) or DEX group (n = 46). DEX ...