The neural network method uses ideas developed from the physiological modelling of the human brain in computational mechanics. The technique provides mechanisms analogous to biological processes such as learning from experience, generalizing from learning data to a wider set of stimuli and extraction of key attributes from excessively noisy data sets. It has found frequent application in optimi...

OBJECTIVE To examine the performance of screening for trisomies 21, 18 and 13 at 11-13 weeks' gestation using specific algorithms for these trisomies based on combinations of fetal nuchal translucency thickness (NT), fetal heart rate (FHR), ductus venosus pulsatility index for veins (DV PIV), and serum free β-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG), pregnancy-associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A), ...

The viral etiologies of UTRIs and LTRIs in children in Jinan city were investigated between July 2009 and June 2010. Nasal and throat swabs were collected from 397 children with URTIs and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimens were collected from 323 children with LRTIs. RT-PCR/PCR was used to examine all samples for IFV, PIV, RSV, RV, hMPV, HBoV, CoV, ADV, RSV, and EV. Viral pathogens were det...

In this paper, a direct experimental comparison is made between scanning and tomo-PIV, on an unsteady wake flow behind a half-cylinder. Several seeding densities are used in order to demonstrate the capacities and limitations of both techniques. For the scanning technique, the effect of particles elongation is investigated and the influence of the seeding density on the volume reconstruction fo...

The size specifications for suitable tracer particles for particle image velocimetry (PIV), particularly with respect to their flow tracking capability, are discussed and quantified for several examples. A review of a wide variety of tracer materials used in recent PIV experiments in liquids and gases indicates that appropriately sized particles have normally been used. With emphasis on gas flo...

Using the CFD model, a new ventilation system design will be found later taking into consideration the ventilation efficiency such as uniformity, stability, and suitability of environmental factors in a naturally ventilated broiler house. Because conducting a field experiment for the ventilation study presented so many difficulties, a reliable 3-dimentional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) mo...

Diproline segments have been advanced as templates for nucleation of folded structure in designed peptides. The conformational space available to homochiral and heterochiral diproline segments has been probed by crystallographic and NMR studies on model peptides containing L-Pro-L-Pro and D-Pro-L-Pro units. Four distinct classes of model peptides have been investigated: a) isolated D-Pro-L-Pro ...

Motion tracking is an important step of the analysis of ow image sequences. However, Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) techniques rarely use tracking methods developed in computer vision, they usually work with FFT and correlation based methods. Two major types of motion estimation algorithms exist: the optical ow and the feature based ones. Promising results have been obtained by applying optic...

Bäcklund transformations (BTs) for ordinary differential equations (ODEs), and in particular for hierarchies of ODEs, are a topic of great current interest. Here we give an improved method of constructing BTs for hierarchies of ODEs. This approach is then applied to fourth Painlevé (PIV ) hierarchies recently found by the same authors [Publ. Res. Inst. Math. Sci. (Kyoto) 37 327–347 (2001)]. We ...

An improved correlation based Particle Tracking Velocimetry (PTV) algorithm was proposed in the present paper. The path tracking of the tracer particles was achieved through a correlation operation of the small interrogation window around the studied tracer particles at two-time steps. The central positions of the tracer particles were determined by the correlation operation of the tracer parti...