A recent paper by Yang et al. [1] proposed CRBRPL as a new RPL-based routing protocol for communications in cognitive radio (CR) enabled smart grid. Essentially, CRB-RPL adopts the operation of CRB-MAC, which is a medium access control (MAC) protocol for cognitive machine-to-machine (M2M) communications, and depicts it as a network layer enhancement. CRB-RPL suffers from a number of technical f...

Regulation of epithelial tube size is critical for organ function. However, the mechanisms of tube size control remain poorly understood. In the Drosophila trachea, tube dimensions are regulated by a luminal extracellular matrix (ECM). ECM organization requires apical (luminal) secretion of the protein Vermiform (Verm), which depends on the basolateral septate junction (SJ). Here, we show that ...

A Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) for semi-blind channel estimators in redundant block transmission systems is derived. The derived CRB is valid for any system adopting a full-rank linear redundant precoder, including the popular cyclicprefixed orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing system. Simple forms of CRBs for multiple complex parameters, either unconstrained or constrained by a holomorphic fun...

Wilms tumor (WT) is the most common pediatric malignant primary renal tumor. Carboplatin (CRB), a platinum compound is widely used in the treatment of multiple cancers including ovarian, lung, head and neck, and wilm's tumor. However, lower uptake of CRB in cancer cells and toxicity concerns in healthy cells often limited its clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to investigate the antitu...

Epithelial tissues are composed of polarized cells with distinct apical and basolateral membrane domains. In the Drosophila ovarian follicle cell epithelium, apical membranes are specified by Crumbs (Crb), Stardust (Sdt), and the aPKC-Par6-cdc42 complex. Basolateral membranes are specified by Lethal giant larvae (Lgl), Discs large (Dlg), and Scribble (Scrib). Apical and basolateral determinants...

Alzheimer's disease (AD, OMIM: 104300), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder with no cure to date, is caused by the generation of amyloid-beta-42 (Aβ42) aggregates that trigger neuronal cell death by unknown mechanism(s). We have developed a transgenic Drosophila eye model where misexpression of human Aβ42 results in AD-like neuropathology in the neural retina. We have identified an apical-...

In this paper, we derive the Cramér-Rao bound (CRB) for range estimation, which does not only exploit the range information in the time delay, but also in the amplitude of the received signal. This new bound is lower than the conventional CRB that only makes use of the range information in the time delay. We investigate the new bound in an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel with atten...