Phantom limb pain (PLP) associated neuroplastic changes are partly mediated by excitatory amino acids at NMDA receptor sites. This study was undertaken to deduce if NMDA-receptor antagonists may be effective in patients with chronic PLP. Therefore a four week double-blinded, randomized placebo-controlled trial was performed to evaluate the efficacy of 30 mg memantine/day, an orally administrabl...

In the mouse, there is a large family of paralogous genes closely related to PRL. The objective of this report was to investigate the organization of the mouse PRL gene family locus. PRL family genes reside on chromosome 13 of the mouse genome. The PRL gene family members were localized to a series of overlapping bacterial artificial chromosome clones and arranged based on structural relationsh...

Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease (PMD) can now be defined as an X-linked recessive leukodystrophy that is caused by a mutation in the proteolipid protein (PLP) gene on chromosome Xq22. The most common mutation is gene duplication followed in frequency by missense mutations, insertions, and deletions. The clinical spectrum ranges from severe neonatal cases to relatively benign adult forms and X-link...

Extended viewing of movements of the intact hand in a mirror as well as motor imagery has been shown to decrease pain in phantom pain patients. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to assess the neural correlates of mirrored, imagined and executed hand movements in 14 upper extremity amputees - 7 with phantom limb pain (PLP) and 7 without phantom limb pain (non-PLP) and 9 healthy contr...

Proteolipid protein (PLP), the major protein of central nervous system myelin, contains covalently bound fatty acids, predominantly palmitic acid. This study adapts a stable isotope technique (Kuwae, T., Schmid, P. C., Johnson, S. B., and Schmid, H. O. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 5002-5007) to quantitatively determine the minimal proportion of PLP molecules which undergo palmitoylation. In these...

BACKGROUND Phantom limb pain (PLP) is approximately a common condition after limb amputation, which potentially affects the quality of life. We aimed to evaluate anxiety and depression in patients with amputated limbs suffering from PLP and to compare these psychological dysfunctions with that of patients with non-phantom chronic pain. METHODS A total number of 16 male amputees with PLP and 2...

Centrosomes consist of a pair of centrioles surrounded by an amorphous pericentriolar material (PCM). Proteins that contain a Pericentrin/AKAP450 centrosomal targeting (PACT) domain have been implicated in recruiting several proteins to the PCM. We show that the only PACT domain protein in Drosophila (the Drosophila pericentrin-like protein [D-PLP]) is associated with both the centrioles and th...

Abstract Argumentation problems are concerned with determining the acceptability of a set arguments from their relational structure. When available information is uncertain, probabilistic argumentation frameworks provide modeling tools to account for it. The first contribution this paper novel interpretation as logic programs. Probabilistic programs in which some facts annotated probabilities. ...

Neurorehabilitation is one of rehabilitation techniques to elicit neural plastic changes in the central nervous system. The concept neurorehabilitation being applied patients with chronic pain. present review firstly explained about plasticity, and then mentioned phantom limb pain as a topic explain how experts conduct neurorehabilitation. Phantom–limb (PLP) commonly classified neuropathic foll...

Genetic labeling based on the Cre/lox reporter system has allowed the creation of fate maps for progenitor cells and their offspring. In the diencephalon, pools of progenitors express the plp transcripts in the zona limitans intrathalamica (ZLI), the basal plate of the diencephalon (bpD), and the posterior part of the hypothalamus. We used plp-Cre transgenics crossed with either Rosa26-lox-lacZ...