Pig phospholipase A2, pig iso-phospholipase A2 and bovine pancreatic phospholipase A2 were reacted in solution with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)carbodiimide, in the presence of N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide, at pH 7. The influence of micellar protectants was analyzed. In the presence of n-hexadecylphosphocholine, the losses of activity in micellar diheptanoyl-lecithin were 80, 35, and 10% in b...

and Applied Analysis 3 Step 1. Let F {a} be singleton. Then, there are u ∈ U and v ∈ V such that ‖uv‖ < M, and ‖ u, v, a − a‖ < M 1 . 2.2 Letting w uv ◦ uv, then ‖ uv ◦ uv, a − a‖ ‖ u, v, u, v, a − a − u, v, a − a ‖ < . 2.3 Step 2. Let F {a1, a2}. There is a u1, v1 ∈ U × V such that ‖ u1, v1, a1 − a1‖ < / 1 M , and for u1, v1, a2 − a2 ∈ A there is a u2, v2 ∈ U × V such that ‖ u2, v2, u1, v1, a2...

Cytokinesis requires the formation of an actomyosin contractile ring between the two sets of sister chromatids. Annexin A2 is a calcium- and phospholipid-binding protein implicated in cortical actin remodeling. We report that annexin A2 accumulates at the equatorial cortex at the onset of cytokinesis and depletion of annexin A2 results in cytokinetic failure, due to a defective cleavage furrow ...

BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a severe vector-born disease of humans and dogs caused by Leishmania donovani complex parasites. Approximately 0.2 to 0.4 million new human VL cases occur annually worldwide. In the new world, these alarming numbers are primarily due to the impracticality of current control methods based on vector reduction and dog euthanasia. Thus, a prophylactic vacci...

Although overexpression of cyclin A2 is reportedly an indicator of a poor prognosis of various malignancies including endometrial carcinoma, its molecular mechanism remains undetermined. To address this issue, we examined the effect of cyclin A2 on the development of resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs. The expression of cyclin A2 protein was increased in advanced-stage and chemotherapy-refrac...

Aims: To assess the accuracy and precision of measuring haemoglobin A2 by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in the presence and absence of sickle cell trait, with or without a thalassaemia trait. Methods: The haemoglobin A2 percentage and the haemoglobin A2 plus S percentages were determined by HPLC on 82 normal controls and 78 patients with sickle cell trait, respectively; the a th...

Surfactant protein A2 (SP-A2) plays an essential role in surfactant metabolism and lung host defense. SP-A2 mutations in the carbohydrate recognition domain have been related to familial pulmonary fibrosis and can lead to a recombinant protein secretion deficiency in vitro. In this study, we explored the molecular mechanism of protein secretion deficiency and the subsequent biological effects i...

There are conflicting views on the nature of subgroups A, and A2 of blood group A, One holds that the same determinants are present on either, but that there are fewer determinants on A2 than on A, erythrocytes. Soluble A2 and A, substances would thus have the same kinds of determinants, but in different numbers. The A1 and A2 transferases are different enzymes, but the A2 enzyme is less effici...

BACKGROUND Leishmaniases are among the most proteiform parasitic infections in humans ranging from unapparent to cutaneous, mucocutaneous or visceral diseases. The various clinical issues depend on complex and still poorly understood mechanisms where both host and parasite factors are interacting. Among the candidate factors of parasite virulence are the A2 genes, a family of multiple genes tha...

The major dithiothreitol-resistant phospholipase A2 activity present in the cytosol of U937 cells has been purified greater than 200,000-fold by sequential chromatography on phenyl-5PW, heparin-Sepharose CL-6B, high-performance hydroxylapatite, TSK-gel G3000-SW, and Mono Q columns. This 110-kDa cytosolic phospholipase A2 is distinct from the relatively small (14-kDa) dithiothreitol-sensitive ph...