In this report, we describe the synthesis and characterization of 1,3-bis(hexyloxy)propan-2-yl nitrate (NDHP), a novel organic mono nitrate. Using purified xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), chemiluminescence and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, we found that XOR catalyzes nitric oxide (NO) generation from NDHP under anaerobic conditions, and that thiols are not involved or requi...

Febuxostat, a drug recently approved in the US, European Union and Japan for treatment of gout, inhibits xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR)-mediated generation of uric acid during purine catabolism. It inhibits bovine milk XOR with a K(i) in the picomolar-order, but we found that it is a much weaker inhibitor of Rhodobacter capsulatus XOR, even though the substrate-binding pockets of mammalian and b...

We discuss novel functional MEMS/NEMS structures that enable implementation of universal logic gates such as XOR, AND, NAND, NOT, etc. in a single device instead of using 6-14 individual switches used in CMOS. By reducing the number of devices, our approach improves yield, reproducibility and speed and simplifies implementation of circuits such as adders and multiplexers. We show the feasibilit...

Küsters and Truderung recently proposed an automatic verification method for security protocols with exclusive or (XOR). Their method reduces protocols with XOR to their XOR-free equivalents, enabling efficient verification by tools such as ProVerif. Although the proposed method works efficiently for verifying secrecy, verification of authentication properties is inefficient and sometimes impos...

Problems of haplotyping and block partitioning have been extensively studied with regard to the regular genotype data, but more cost-efficient data called XOR-genotypes remain under-investigated. Previous studies developed methods for haplotyping of short-sequence partial XOR-genotypes. In this paper we propose a new algorithm that performs haplotyping of long-range partial XOR-genotype data wi...

A recent publication introduced a Visual Crypto (VC) system, based on the polarisation of light. This VC system has good resolution, contrast and colour properties. Mathematically, the VC system is described by the XOR operation (modulo two addition). In this paper we investigate Threshold Visual Secret Sharing schemes associated to XOR-based VC systems. Firstly, we show that n out of n schemes...

This paper presents two methods for encryption and decryption of images using XOR operation. In the first method the original image is encrypted by the key image using XOR operation and decryption process also uses the same key image with XOR operation. In the second method one of the bit planes of the key image is used for encrypting the bit planes of the original image and shuffling is done f...

The paper proposes the novel design of a 3T XOR gate combining complementary CMOS with pass transistor logic. The design has been compared with earlier proposed 4T and 6T XOR gates and a significant improvement in silicon area and power-delay product has been obtained. An eight transistor full adder has been designed using the proposed three-transistor XOR gate and its performance has been inve...

Non-local games are widely studied as a model to investigate the properties of quantum mechanics as opposed to classical mechanics. In this paper, we consider a subset of non-local games: symmetric XOR games of n players with 0-1 valued questions. For this class of games, each player receives an input bit and responds with an output bit without communicating to the other players. The winning co...

OMBINING entered variable (EV) subfunctions and C XOR patterns in a Karnaugh map (K-map) extraction process [3] is a special and powerful form of K-map multilevel function minimization. Used with two-level logic forms (AND and OR functions) this multilevel minimization approach leads to XOIUSOP, EQVPOS and hybrid forms that often represent a substantial reduction in the hardware not possible ot...