Relatively little research has examined whether pay dispersion influences women’s and men’s job attitudes differently. Using a sample of 801 Swedish doctors, we found that pay dispersion was unrelated to organizational commitment but was significantly related to both women’s and men’s job satisfaction, and women’s perceived fairness. These effects were contingent on the individual’s position in...

We characterize revenue maximizing head starts for all-pay auctions and lottery contests with many heterogeneous players. We show that under optimal head starts all-pay auctions revenue-dominate lottery contests for any degree of heterogeneity among players. Moreover, all-pay auctions with optimal head starts induce higher revenue than any multiplicatively biased all-pay auction or lottery cont...

S-shaped incentive schemes and pay caps are fairly common in practice. This paper demonstrates the optimality of s-shaped incentive schemes and pay caps by incorporating salespeople’s aversion to pay inequity into the standard agency model. Our analysis shows that salespeople’s desire for pay fairness increases the convexity of the optimal incentive scheme at small sales but increases the conca...

OBJECTIVE To assess the cost-effectiveness of a structured education pulmonary rehabilitation programme (SEPRP) for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) relative to usual practice in primary care. The programme consisted of group-based sessions delivered jointly by practice nurses and physiotherapists over 8 weeks. DESIGN Cost-effectiveness and cost-utility analysis alongside a cluste...

We present a laser spectroscopic study of the Ã1Πu – X̃1Σg+ transition 13C mono-substituted C3 in 378–406 nm region. The 13C12C12C and 12C13C12C isotopologues are produced pulsed jet expansion, by DC discharging gas mixture ∼0.3% C2H2/Ar (with ∼1% natural abundance). By using induced fluorescence spectroscopy, thirteen vibronic bands belonging to electronic have been recorded for 12C13C12C, elev...

OBJECTIVE Pharmaceutical treatment of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) reduces the risk of progression to active tuberculosis (TB); however, poor adherence tempers the protective effect. We aimed to estimate the health burden of non-adherence, the maximum allowable cost of hypothetical new adherence interventions to be cost-effective and the potential value of existing adherence interventio...

BACKGROUND Despite evidence of the effectiveness of injectable opioid treatment compared with oral methadone for chronic heroin addiction, the additional cost of injectable treatment is considerable, and cost-effectiveness uncertain. AIMS To compare the cost-effectiveness of supervised injectable heroin and injectable methadone with optimised oral methadone for chronic refractory heroin addic...

BACKGROUND Temozolomide (TMZ) is an oral alkylating agent with demonstrated efficacy as therapy for glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) and anaplastic astrocytoma. TMZ has widely replaced the procarbazine, lomustine plus vincristine (PCV) combination for the treatment of malignant brain tumours as a result of its oral administration and favourable toxicity profile. OBJECTIVES This study had three r...