ethanol is a clean and renewable energy source. the necessity of ethanol usage, instead of fossil fuels or mixed with them, in order to reduce environmental pollution resulted in increase of ethanol production from 50 million m-3  in 2007 to 85 million  m-3 in 2012. the present study aimed to compare the cost of bio-ethanol production from sugar beet with other agricultural crops, and also econ...

The extractable activity of sucrose phosphate synthase was determined in etiolated seedlings of maize (Zea mays L.), soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.), and sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) following treatments of changing light quality. A 30-minute illumination of 30 microeinsteins per square meter per second white light produced a three-fold increase in sucrose phosphate synthase activity at 2 hou...

The de-bittering effects of immersion in ethanol on white pomelo peel was investigated. suitable conditions for were found as sample: ratio 1/12 (g/mL), concentration 40°, time 4 hours, temperature 50°C, discharge and 3 rinsing times. Immersion with is highly effective 82.5% naringin bitterness removed pesticide residue reduced. However, the method also reduce content vitamin C sugar. Ethanol o...

The pulp of the cocoa fruit still has not economically viable yet. Its potency to be processed into syrup is expected increase its value added. Local sugar from palm and canes traditionally utilized produce brown sugar. This study aimed make by utilizing local sources in West Sumatra with several variants (palm sugar, sugarcane, market white sugar). effects concentration on quality were also st...

This paper describes the regulated agricultural commodity futures market of China, focusing on six actively traded futures: corn, strong gluten wheat, No. 1 soybean, soymeal, cotton, and white sugar. A novel skew Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model is employed to characterize price dynamics with government controls. The empirical analysis reveals significant phenomena in these indicates that are influence...