Prolonged drought stress combined with high leaf temperatures can induce programmed leaf senescence involving lipid peroxidation, and the loss of net carbon assimilation during early stages of tree mortality. Periodic droughts are known to induce widespread tree mortality in the Amazon rainforest, but little is known about the role of lipid peroxidation during drought-induced leaf senescence. I...

nearly just a decade ago, olive leaf moth, palpita unionalis, was identified as an exotic pest from an olive grove in roodbar, iran. in order to plan an ipm programme regarding olive, a series of laboratory and field studies were carried out during 2001-2003 in qazvin province. to study the emergence time, number of generations, feeding behaviour and developmental periods at field, five trees (...

Corn flea beetles, Chaetocnema pulicaria, vector Erwinia stewartii (synamorph Pantoea stewartii), which causes Stewart’s bacterial wilt of corn (Zea mays) (10,11). Flea beetles introduce E. stewartii into plant tissues that are wounded during feeding. Movement of E. stewartii in the vascular system of resistant plants is restricted to within a few centimeters of flea beetle feeding wounds. The ...

In the sub-tropics, water and nitrogen are the most important factors limiting the grain yield of maize. The effect of nitrogen (N) rates and drought stress at different growth stages of maize were investigated. Nitrogen treatments consisted of 100, 150, and 200  kgN.ha-1 from the urea source while water stress treatments were composed of irrigation-off since the early 10-leaf stage to emergenc...

Knowledge of latitudinal patterns in plant defense and herbivory is crucial for understanding the mechanisms that govern ecosystem functioning and for predicting their responses to climate change. Using a widely distributed species in East Asia, Quercus variabilis, we aim to reveal defense patterns of trees with respect to ontogeny along latitudinal gradients. Six leaf chemical (total phenolics...

Introduction: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease of the respiratory tract caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. During tuberculosis infection, pathogens modulate TLR-4 receptor flow signaling, suggesting possible involvement in regulation host immune response. This study aims to determine effect miana leaf extract on expression toll like 4 (TLR-4) mice at preventive and curative stages. Meth...

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate injury symptoms on soybean not tolerant dicamba (3,6-dichloro-2-methoxybenzoic acid), as well crop yield, after the application sub-rates herbicide simulate physical drift in tropical conditions. Dicamba rates 0, 5.8, 14.4, 28.8, 57.6, and 576 g acid equivalent per hectare were applied at vegetative (V3) reproductive (R1) stages soybean, usin...

The prototype of the electric smart stove is an with briquette fuel from teak leaf waste. thermoelectric module used 12 units a Peltier TEC-12706. Thermoelectric generators take advantage Seebeck effect temperature differences both sides will produce electrical energy. developing method carried out in 4 stages. First stage, analyzing geometry requirements and shape. Second stage process making ...

It is important to understand how eco-physiological characteristics shift in forests when elucidating the mechanisms underlying species replacement and the process of succession and stabilization. In this study, the dominant species at three typical successional stages (early-, mid-, and late-succession) in the subtropical forests of China were selected. At each stage, we compared the leaf cons...

Hydraulic conductance was measured on leaf and stem segments excised from sugarcane plants at different stages of development. Maximum transpiration rates and leaf water potential (V'L) associated with maximum transpiration were also measured in intact plants as a function of plant size. Leaf specific hydraulic conductivity (LsJ and transpiration on a unit leaf area basis (E) were maximal in pl...