The purpose of this study was to determine whether or not caffeine would exacerbate renovascular hypertension. Therefore, we examined the effects of chronic caffeine administration on arterial blood pressure in rats subjected to either unilateral renal artery clipping (2K-1C rats) or sham-operation. Animals in each group were randomly assigned to receive either 0.1% caffeine in their drinking w...

High-quality ZnO films were grown on Si(1 0 0) substrates with low-temperature (LT) ZnO buffer layers by an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR)-assisted molecular-beam epitaxy (MBE). In order to investigate the optimized buffer layer temperature, ZnO buffer layers of about 1.1 mm were grown at different growth temperatures of 350, 450 and 550 1C, followed by identical high-temperature (HT) ZnO f...

OBJECTIVES To evaluate haemoglobin A1c (HbA(1c)) in diagnosing diabetes and identify the optimal HbA(1c) threshold to be used in Chinese adults. DESIGN Multistage stratified cross sectional epidemiological survey. SETTING Shanghai, China, 2007-8. PARTICIPANTS 4886 Chinese adults over 20 years of age with no history of diabetes. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Performance of HbA(1c) at increasing ...

OBJECTIVE To compare the diagnostic accuracy and time expenditure of screening models based on glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) level and psychometric measures for mood disorder (MD) among children with type 1 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS With semistructured clinical interviews (Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for Children-Present and Lifetime version, 120 min/patient...

growth. Colonization of pigskin or mouse skin with these protective commensals reduced S. aureus replication. Furthermore, autologous bacterial transplant in a small number of atopic dermatitis patients drastically reduced S. aureus skin burden. This commensal skin transplant has already been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, and a clinical trial is under way. —LP Sci. Transl. ...

SREBP-1c (sterol-regulatory-element-binding protein 1c) is a transcription factor that regulates genes associated with glucose and fatty acid metabolism and exhibits responsiveness to insulin and exercise. We have examined the effects of exercise on basal and insulin-mediated changes in the activation (phosphorylation) of the signalling molecules involved in the regulation of SREBP-1c and relat...

BACKGROUND Patient education is a cornerstone of treatment in diabetes mellitus, but there is not unanimity of opinion as to how it should be delivered. OBJECTIVE To determine whether a single, intensive group educational program would improve glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) levels when compared with passive education. METHODS A total of 106 patients with HbA(1c) levels greater than 8.5% ...

Myosin-1c (also known as myosin-Ibeta) has been proposed to mediate the slow component of adaptation by hair cells, the sensory cells of the inner ear. To test this hypothesis, we mutated tyrosine-61 of myosin-1c to glycine, conferring susceptibility to inhibition by N(6)-modified ADP analogs. We expressed the mutant myosin-1c in utricular hair cells of transgenic mice, delivered an ADP analog ...

Background All current anti-HIV1 therapies target the viral proteins or RNA; however targeting HIV1 at the transcriptional level of the integrated provirus has been less explored. In India, AIDS is commonly caused by HIV-1C compared to HIV-1B in developed countries. HIV1-5’LTR acts as a promoter and shows sequence variation among different clades. Transcriptional gene silencing (TGS) is a metho...

In the general population, hyperglycemia in the absence of diabetes may be associated with increased risk for mortality. Hyperglycemia is prevalent in chronic kidney disease; however, the relationship between glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) as a marker of chronic hyperglycemia and outcomes has not been studied in nondiabetic chronic kidney disease. HbA(1c) was measured at baseline in the rand...