BACKGROUND Atrial natriuretic peptide is involved in blood pressure regulation via its vasodilating and natriuretic actions. Since diabetic nephropathy and hypertension are closely related, ANP is a reasonable candidate gene for diabetic nephropathy (DN). METHODS We genotyped 410 patients with type I diabetes (without DN n = 307; with DN n = 103) and 658 patients with type II diabetes (withou...

This study evaluates the impact of industrial energy efficiency on agricultural development in 31 member countries Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) from 2015 to 2019. Using dynamic network slack-based measures (DN-SBM) total factor productivity (DN-TFP) indicators, cross-period information is used assess changes sectors. The empirical results show that sector OECD mo...

in this study, a commercially available kit in which propionylthiocholine is used as a substrate and a dibucaine solution to determine the variants of the enzyme were utilized. plasma cholinesterase activity of 151 patients who underwent different operations was measured during a period of six months. the mean±sd of the enzyme activity in 150 patients was 4.39±1.17 ku/l .. seventeen patients (1...

Dapagliflozin, a sodium glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, has been widely used in treatment of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Previous studies have shown that it both glucose-lowering effects and renoprotective functions DN. Tubulointerstitial fibrosis plays an important role the pathogenesis development progression Angiotensin‑converting enzyme (ACE2), major component renin-angiotensin sy...

The growing incidence of diabetes mellitus, with predicted rises in prevalence from 285 to 380 million cases in 2025, then 438 million by 2030, is a major public health burden in both developing and developed countries. Type 1 and type 2 diabetes increase the risk of microvascular complications, which cause significant morbidity and mortality. Diabetic nephropathy (DN) and retinopathy represent...

Let n points be placed independently in d−dimensional space according to the standard d−dimensional normal distribution. Let dn be the longest edge length for the nearest neighbor graph on these points. We show that lim n→∞ √ log n dn log log n = d √ 2 , d ≥ 2, a.s.

Cultivation of CD4-CD8- double negative (DN) mouse thymocytes and splenocytes with recombinant interleukin 2 (IL2) in the absence of other stimulation results in the generation of DN-CD3/TCR+CD16+NK1.1+B220+ large granular lymphocytes (LGL). Purified DN alpha-beta TCR+ thymocytes and splenocytes are CD16+IL2R alpha-IL2R beta+NK1.1+B220-CD5high. These cells are unique in that they express both C...

The purpose of this paper is to relate certain matrices with integer entries to convolutions of arithmetic functions. Let n be a positive integer, let a, 3, and y be arithmetic functions (complex-valued functions with domain the set of positive integers), and let ari denote the 1 x n matrix [a(l) a(2) ... a(n)]. We define the n x n divisor matrix Dn = (d^) by di 1 if i\j, di otherwise. Both Dn ...