In the past, relations of diffusive resistance to stomatal geometry have concerned circular pores or pores that are replaced by equivalent circles of the same area. We calculated the resistance for general shapes that include the realistic slit. The resistance comprises two terms. The first is an outer resistance that depends only on ventilation and leaf geometry and is independent of stomata. ...

BACKGROUND Health care databases provide a widely used source of data for health care research, but their accuracy remains uncertain. We analyzed data from the 1985 National DRG Validation Study, which carefully reabstracted and reassigned ICD-9-CM diagnosis and procedure codes from a national sample of 7050 medical records, to determine whether coding accuracy had improved since the Institute ...

Field-effect transistors (GFETs) were fabricated on mechanically flexible substrates using chemical vapor deposition grown graphene. High current density (nearly 200 μA μm(-1)) with saturation, almost perfect ambipolar electron-hole behavior, high transconductance (120 μS μm(-1)) and good stability over 381 days were obtained. The average carrier mobility for holes (electrons) is 13,540 cm(2) V...

the gallbladder and history of ductal dilatation, laparoscopic cholecystectomy was recommended. At the time of operation the gallbladder was found to be massively dilated with a thickened wall [Figure 2]. Needle decompression (with extraction of 200 cm of bile) was used to decrease the gallbladder size and make it manageable. The gallbladder was successfully removed laparoscopically using a sta...

Participants switched between two randomly ordered, two-choice reaction-time (RT) tasks, where an instructional cue preceded the target stimulus and indicated which task to execute. Task-switching cost dissipated passively while the participants waited for the instructional cue in order to know which task to execute (during the Response-Cue Interval). Switching cost was sharply reduced, but not...