Cesium-137 is a fission product of uranium and plutonium in nuclear reactors and is released in large quantities during nuclear explosions or detonation of an improvised device containing this isotope. This environmentally persistent radionuclide undergoes radioactive decay with the emission of beta particles as well as gamma radiation. Exposure to (137)Cs at high doses can cause acute radiatio...

The Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power reactor units that generated large amounts of airborne discharges during the period of March 12-21, 2011 were identified individually by analyzing the combination of measured (134)Cs/(137)Cs depositions on ground surfaces and atmospheric transport and deposition simulations. Because the values of (134)Cs/(137)Cs are different in reactor units owing to fuel bu...

The Naturally Occurring Radioactive Materials (NORMs) that are potentially generated from oil and gas extractions in Albania have been disposed of without regulations for many decades, and therefore, an extensive survey in one of the most productive regions (Vlora-Elbasan) was performed. A total of 52 gamma ray spectrometry measurements of soil, oil-sand, sludge, produced water and crude oil sa...

with their results of total amount of Cs-137 in sediment which is 10 times larger than previous estimated value based on observation. Main problem is that they only considered sedimentation and resuspension process in a similar manner to Europe. In Fukushima case, very high concentration of Cs-137 passed through on the sediment in the earlier period. Therefore, absorption and desorption process...

The aim of this study was to investigate the association of interleukin-18 (IL-18) promoter single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at - 607 and - 137 regions with risk for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and their association with activity and severity of the disease. The study included 80 RA patients and 80 age and sex matched healthy subjects. Forty RA patients and 40 control subjects were randomly...

The objective was to compare four different scoring methods for vertebral deformities: the semiquantitative Kleerekoper score and three quantitative scores (according to Minne, Melton and Raymakers) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Lateral radiographs of the thoracic and lumbar vertebral column were scored in 52 RA patients treated with corticosteroids (Cs) and 52 RA patients not Cs ...

CS I is defined negative or declining tumour markers to their half-life following orchidectomy and negative imaging studies of the chest, abdomen and retroperitoneum. Low risk CS I NSGCT are defined by the absence of vascular invasion, low percentage of embryonal carcinoma (ECA) and low proliferating Ki-67 index. High risk CS I NSGCT are defined by the presence of VI, high percentage of ECA and...