1. Collateral damage, in military jargon, refers to unintended carnage that is a consequence of waging war. At Vanderbilt biomedical engineers are attacking the problem of “collateral damage” that results from battling disease. Their goal is to make medical procedures free of side effects. New technology-guided therapy, the result of collaborations between biomedical engineers and surgeons, is ...

Volume 32, Number 1, March 2006 Maternal mortality in Nepal is estimated to be around 540 deaths per 100,000 births.1 One major factor is low use of maternal health care, despite government efforts to improve services, including an expanded network of rural clinics and the training of auxiliary nurse midwives.2 Fewer than 40% of women receive any antenatal care from a trained provider, and fewe...

The aetiological study of cytopenia in solid organ transplant recipients could be challenging, given the need to exclude infectious disorders, drug toxicity or neoplastic disease. Visceral leishmaniasis is endemic in several regions of the world, but a rare complication after renal transplantation (less than 100 cases described in literature). We report the case of a male renal transplant recip...

St Christopher’s Hospice, Sydenham, London. Email: [email protected] Breathlessness, especially in the acute terminal phase of a disease, is one of the most difficult symptoms with which health professionals are faced when caring for patients at the end of life. Physical, emotional and spiritual aspects of distress are inextricably interwoven, and strike at the very heart of existe...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a significant public health concern in our country, because of placing in top three most common causes of death and substantial direct and indirect costs to society. The incidence of TBI in our country is 1.7 times of international incidence. Traumatic brain injury induced by primary and secondary mechanisms that give rise to death and neurologic morbidity in pat...

Freezed embryo transfer increases the cumulative pregnancy rate, reduces costs, is relatively simple to undertake and can be accomplished in a shorter time period compared to repeated Fresh cycle. There are different protocols for endometrial preparation. Although frozen embryo replacement cycles, have been used for several years, there is no agreement about the optimal way to prepare the endom...

21 Arecent conference in Las Vegas, sponsored by the Emergent Group, focused on the newly emerging field of ConsumerDirected Health Care (CDHC). In many ways it was a flashback from the mid-to-late 1980s, when managed behavioral healthcare was just emerging as a field. Many of the same things are happening now in CDHC as they were then for managed care — the field is being invented as it grows,...

Theorem 27.1.2 (Chebychev inequality) Let X be a random variable with μx = E[X] and σx be the standard deviation of X. That is σX = E [ (X − μx) ] . Then, Pr [|X − μX | ≥ tσX] ≤ 1 t2 . Proof: Note that Pr [|X − μX | ≥ tσX] = Pr[(X − μX) ≥ t2σ2X] . Set Y = (X − μX). Clearly, E [ Y ] = σX. Now, apply Markov inequality to Y . This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommerci...

using adaptive beam forming, " [J. Abstract Abstract: Harrison [J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 125, 3511– 3513 (2009)] presented a mathematical explanation for a sign-inversion induced to the passive fathometer response by minimum variance distortionless response (MVDR) beamforming. Here a concise mathematical formulation is offered, which decomposes the cross-spectral density matrix into coherent and inc...

In order to evaluate host immune response to cancer, many methods have been applied. However, in the field of oral squamous cell carcinoma, evaluation of host immune response on the basis of proliferative activity of tumor-infiltrating T-cells (TIL) has not been reported. Therefore, we applied double immunohistochemical staining of proliferation markers Ki-67 and CD8 to surgically resected and ...