Daphnia pulex de Geer and Daphnia magna Straus populations cannot be maintained in defined (sensu stricto) media containing less than 0.1 part per billion (ppb) of selenium. A concentration of 1 ppb is sufficient to satisfy minimal needs in otherwise sufficient media. In the first generation with no selenium added to the medium or detected in it, media deficiency is shown by a premature cuticle...

Exhaled nitric oxide (NO) concentration is a marker of pulmonary inflammation. It is usually measured at a single exhalation flow rate. However, measuring exhaled NO at multiple flow rates allows assessment of the flow-independent NO parameters: alveolar NO concentration, bronchial NO flux, bronchial wall NO concentration, and bronchial diffusing capacity of NO. Our aim was to determine the flo...

Polymeric beads functionalised with a chemical receptor show they can remove arsenate from contaminated water to levels below 5 ppb (well the WHO guideline value of 10 ppb).

Pleuropulmonary blastoma is a unique dysontogenetic neoplasm of childhood that appears as a pulmonary and/or pleural-based mass, and is characterised histologically by a primitive, variably mixed blastematic and sarcomatous appearance. We report a 12-month-old female child who was operated for a lung cyst at the age of six months and postoperative histopathology was suggestive of type I pleurop...

Imidacloprid, a water-soluble neonicotinoid pesticide used globally in many applications, has been the subject of numerous studies (1) to determine its sublethal effects (5-100 ppb, LD50 ∼200 ppb) on honeybees. This study was undertaken to determine, by ELISA assay, the presence of imidacloprid in water sources potentially frequented by honeybees in urban, suburban, and rural environments acros...

Modern switches and routers often use dynamic RAM (DRAM) in order to provide large buffer storage space. However, the effective bandwidth of DRAM is frequently a limiting factor in the design of high-speed switches and routers. The focus of this paper is to introduce a packet-buffering architecture called the parallel packet buffering (PPB), which increases the effective memory bandwidth signif...

Arsenic contamination has emerged as a serious public health concern in Pakistan. In Punjab over 20% of the population are exposed to arsenic contamination of over 10 ppb in drinking water while nearly 3% of the population are exposed to over 50 ppb. In Sindh, the situation is even worse with 36% and 16% of population exposed to arsenic contaminated water over 10 ppb and 50 ppb respectively. Bo...