Introduction University College London Hospital (UCLH) was one of the largest contributors to the CALORIES trial; a pragmatic, multi-centre, randomised control trial examining the effectiveness of early nutritional support in critically ill patients through a comparison of parenteral and enteral nutrition. The trial found no significant difference in 30-day mortality associated with the route o...

Calorie restriction has been regarded as the only experimental regimen that can effectively lengthen lifespan in various animal models, but the actual mechanism remains controversial. The gut microbiota has been shown to have a pivotal role in host health, and its structure is mostly shaped by diet. Here we show that life-long calorie restriction on both high-fat or low-fat diet, but not volunt...

Calorie restriction (CR) is the most effective way to increase life span and delay the onset of age-related symptoms in animals. We have previously reported that CR affects a variety of physiological phenotypes in flies and results in dramatic behavioral, physical and demographic changes. Here we show effects of low and high calorie levels on the spontaneous physical activity of flies. Wild typ...

In this paper, we propose a novel walking route navigation system for fitness walkers effective for health maintenance. Recently, lifestyle-related disease has been increasing in the world. It is important for people to keep balance between the calorie intake and the calorie consumption. We focus on calorie consumption by walking, because walking is on effective exercise for maintaining and pro...

BACKGROUND Although the Health & Fitness category of the Apple App Store features hundreds of calorie counting apps, the extent to which popular calorie counting apps include health behavior theory is unknown. OBJECTIVE This study evaluates the presence of health behavior theory in calorie counting apps. METHODS Data for this study came from an extensive content analysis of the 10 most popu...

Calorie values for a wide biological selection of nematodes, determined with a microbomb calorimeter, ranged from 3.86 to 6.85 Kcal/g. The mean of 5.095 Kcal from 16 species was lower than means recorded in three previous studies of other invertebrate groups. The nematode values were skewed to the lowest limit. Larvae of Ditylenchus dipsaci showed lower calorie values after storage, and the cal...

Broiler chicks were reared in environmental chambers. All birds were started under ideal conditions, i.e., 30.6 C with 35% RH. Beginning at Day 36, half of the chicks were maintained at 24 C and 35% RH. The other half were subjected to a cyclic temperature-RH regime that approximated a typical August day in central Mississippi (heat treatment). Half of each of the described groups received impl...

OBJECTIVE Offering calories on restaurant websites might be particularly important for consumer meal planning, but the availability of and ease of accessing this information are unknown. METHODS We assessed websites for the top 100 U.S. chain restaurants to determine the availability of and ease of access to calorie information as well as website design characteristics. We also examined poten...

The authors provide evidence that social ethics claims on food packaging (e.g., fair trade) can promote the misperception that foods are lower-calorie and therefore appropriate for greater consumption. In Study 1, participants evaluating chocolate provided lower calorie judgments when it was described as fair trade—a claim silent on calorie content but signifying that trading partners received ...