Stain, S. C., Cohen, H., Tsuishoysha, M., Donovan, A.J. (1991) Choledocholithiasis Endoscopic sphincterotomy or common bile duct exploration. Annals of Surgery; 213:627-634 A prospective randomized trial was conducted of preoperative endoscopic sphincterotomy and surgery (ES&S) or surgery alone (SA) in 52 patients with cholecystolithiasis and choledocholithiasis that were candidates for electiv...