In gene expression studies, it is critical to normalize data using a stably expressed endogenous control gene in order to obtain accurate and reliable results. However, we currently do not have a universally applied endogenous control gene for normalization of data for gene expression studies, particularly those involving (60)Co γ-ray-exposed human blood samples. In this study, a comparative as...

An efficient in vitro protocol has been established for somatic embryogenesis and plantlet conversion of Korean wild ginseng (Panax ginseng Meyer). Wild-type and mutant adventitious roots derived from the ginseng produced calluses on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and 0.3 mg/L kinetin; 53.3% of the explants formed callus. Embryogenic ca...

Specific activity 60Co/Co in two steel samples taken at 687m S and 1295m NNW from the hypocenter was measured by gamma-ray spectrometry and neutron activation analysis. The results were, respectively, (2.64 +/- 0.38) x 10(1) and (3.09 +/- 0.48) x 10(-1) dpm/mg Co at the time of bombing, which are consistent with previous data by Hashizume et al. for steel rings on the surface of roofs of buildi...

Ocular melanoma is frequently treated using brachytherapy implants (such as 125I and 60Co plaques or 184Ta wire), surgery, or external beam radiotherapy using small 60Co beams, high energy x-rays, or proton therapy. The last technique, though very expensive, provides improved dose distributions and dose localizations in the treatment of tumours adjacent to critical normal tissues. The technique...

We consider systems of n parallel edge dislocations in a single slip system, represented by points in a two-dimensional domain; the elastic medium is modelled as a continuum. We formulate the energy of this system in terms of the empirical measure of the dislocations, and prove several convergence results in the limit n → ∞. The main aim of the paper is to study the convergence of the evolution...

In this paper, the equilibrium behavior of an immiscible two phase fluid on a rough surface is studied from a phase field equation derived from minimizing the total free energy of the system. When the size of the roughness becomes small, we derive the effective boundary condition for the equation by the multiple scale expansion homogenization technique. The Wenzel and Cassie equations for the a...

A 3D-2D dimensional reduction analysis for supremal functionals is performed in the realm of Γ-convergence. We show that the limit functional still admits a supremal representation, and we provide a precise identification of its density in some particular cases. Our results rely on an abstract representation theorem for the Γ-limit of a family of supremal functionals. Mathematics Subject Classi...

This paper deals with the passage from discrete to continuous in modeling the static elastic properties, in the setting of anti-planar linear elasticity, of vertical screw dislocations in a cylindrical crystal. We study, in the framework of Γ-convergence, the asymptotic behavior of the elastic stored energy induced by dislocations as the atomic scale ε tends to zero, in the regime of dilute dis...

Lethal effects of 60Co gamma-rays, UV light, and mitomycin C on two kinds of bacteria, Halobacterium salinarium which grows in highly concentrated salt media and Thiobacillus intermedius which requires reduced sulfur compounds, were studied and compared with those on Escherichia coli B/r. D37 values for H. salinarium, T. intermedius and E. coli B/r were 393, 150, and 92 Gy, respectively, by exp...