BACKGROUND Hyperinsulinemia is the commonest cause of persistent hypoglycemia in infancy. Inactivating mutations in the genes ABCC8 and KCNJ11 are the commonest cause. Mutation in the HADH gene, which encodes the short-chain-L-3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase, is a rare cause. CASE CHARACTERISTICS Two Indian sisters who presented with hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy. OBSERVATION/INT...

BACKGROUND Neonatal diabetes has not been previously studied in Ukraine. We investigated the genetic etiology in patients with onset of diabetes during the first 9 months of life. METHODS We established a Pediatric Diabetes Register to identify patients diagnosed with diabetes before 9 months of age. Genetic testing was undertaken for 42 patients with permanent or transient diabetes diagnosed ...

OBJECTIVE To report the long-term follow-up of three nonpancreatectomized patients with persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy due to mutations in the ABCC8 gene. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and venous 24-h glucose-insulin profile were performed yearly from adolescence. RESULTS Patient 1 (now aged 31 years) developed insulin-dependent diabetes...

The transcriptional machinery in individual cells is controlled by a relatively small number of molecules, which may result in stochastic behavior in gene activity. Because of technical limitations in current collection and recording methods, most gene expression measurements are carried out on populations of cells and therefore reflect average mRNA levels. The variability of the transcript lev...

ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels play a regulatory role in hormone-secreting pancreatic islet α-, β- and δ-cells. Targeted channel deletion would assist analysis and dissection of the intraislet regulatory network. Toward this end Abcc8/Sur1 flox mice were generated and tested by crossing with glucagon-(GCG)-cre mice to target α-cell KATP channels selectively. Agonist resistance was used to qua...

Increasing evidence suggests that loss of β cell characteristics may cause insulin secretory deficiency in diabetes, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we show that Rfx6, whose mutation leads to neonatal diabetes in humans, is essential to maintain key features of functionally mature β cells in mice. Rfx6 loss in adult β cells leads to glucose intolerance, impaired β cell gluco...

Permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus is a rare disorder known to be caused by activating mutations in KCNJ11 or ABCC8, inactivating mutations in INS, or very rarely in GCK or insulin promotor factor-1 (IPF-1) genes. We report a patient with permanent neonatal diabetes mellitus and severe exocrine pancreatic insufficiency. Ultrasound examination revealed pancreatic agenesis with a suggestion of ...